Chapter 12 Section 3 The Protestant Reformation Erasmus

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Chapter 12, Section 3 “The Protestant Reformation”

Chapter 12, Section 3 “The Protestant Reformation”

Erasmus and Christian Humanism Protestant Reformation: religious movement. Catholic and Protestant Martin Luther-began movement---and

Erasmus and Christian Humanism Protestant Reformation: religious movement. Catholic and Protestant Martin Luther-began movement---and several earlier developments New classical learning spread to northern Europe. Christian Humanism Goal---reform of Catholic Church Believed: ability of humans to reason and improve themselves People read classics and basic works of Christianitymore religious 1 st thing---change humans, then society/church Erasmus: best known Christian humanist Christianity---people live good lives-spread philosophy of Christ The Praise of Folly-criticized areas in need of reform (monks, change Catholic Church)

Religion on the Eve of the Reformation Need for change? 1. Corruption 1. 2.

Religion on the Eve of the Reformation Need for change? 1. Corruption 1. 2. Popes failed to meet spiritual needs Too concerned w/ worldly matters 2. Use of money 1. 2. Church officials used position to gain money Couldn’t offer people advice on how to save soul 3. Indulgences 1. 2. 3. People wanted to make sure salvation was possible for them Church sold indulgences Modern Devotion-need to follow Jesus--people found out clergy not concerned w/ spiritual needs

Martin Luther Monk/professor in Germany Lectured the Bible Humans could never do enough good

Martin Luther Monk/professor in Germany Lectured the Bible Humans could never do enough good deeds to earn salvation Saved through faith in God Justification by faith alone---chief teaching of the Protestant Reformation Bible---only source of truth October 31, 1517: sent list of Ninety Five Theses to church Attacked Church’s sacraments (kept Eucharist and baptism) Called for clergy to marry Wanted to break away Church excommunicated him Edict of Worms-made an outlaw w/in empire Kept in hiding and protected Gained support of German rulers Set up new religious services-replaced mass

Politics in the German Reformation 1. 2. 3. 4. Charles V-Holy Roman Emperor---ruled Spain

Politics in the German Reformation 1. 2. 3. 4. Charles V-Holy Roman Emperor---ruled Spain and colonies Wanted to keep empire under his control Wanted to preserve Catholicism ---problems allowed Lutheranism to organize 1555: Peace of Augsburg: Formally accepted division of Christianity in Germany German states allowed to choose Lutheran states given same rights as Catholic Rulers could choose-not individuals

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