CHAPTER 12 BECOMING A WORLD POWER 1890 1913
CHAPTER 12 BECOMING A WORLD POWER 1890 -1913 (PAGES 360 -385) The Pressure to Expand • New Markets for goods • Responsibility to carry Democratic values/Protestant Christian Values Imperialism • • • Europe dominating weaker countries to forge empires “The sun never sets on the British Empire” Rise of Germany Competition
Traditions of Expansion � � � Manifest Destiny The Monroe Doctrine The most favored nation in China Japan Annexed Midway Islands 1867
Expansion vs. Isolation � Corporations go global � Banana Republics � Increase the Navy Protect Trade 1900 one of the most powerful navies in the world Pioneer Spirit
Social Darwinism � � � Inevitable and Noble to conquer weaker countries Minister Josiah Strong and Senator Albert J. Beveridge Public generally favored new markets
Foreign Entanglements, War, Annexations � Latin America, Islands in the Pacific, China � Chile had to pay $75, 000 in reparations for killing sailors � Rebellion in Brazil-1891 Navy sent to protect shipping America vs. Britain in Venezuela
The Spanish American War � Cuba rebels 1868 and again in 1895 � Spain sends General Valeriano Weyler and 000 troops � U. S. would not back the rebels Guerilla troops attack U. S. interests Business owners increase pressure for war 150,
William Randolph Hearst and Joseph Pulitzer � Yellow Journalism-sensational stories about brutalities � Kuwait in the 1990’s � Jingoism � Explosion on the U. S. S. Maine � Philippines Rebels � Last Chance for peace � Cables to the Navy
Spanish American War � http: //www. history. com/videos/roosevelt-fightsin-spanish-american-war#roosevelt-fights-inspanish-american-war
“Splendid Little War” � May 1 1898 Admiral Dewey launches a surprise attack on Spanish ships in Manila bay � Destroys entire fleet � Spain’s navy bottled up in Santiago Harbor � Teddy Roosevelt and the “Rough Riders” San Juan Hill Buffalo Soldiers
Buffalo Soldiers For love of liberty video http: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=IPp 9 Eg. WZ ZC 4&feature=related
July 3 rd Naval Battle � � Spanish fleet is sunk 2, 500 Americans dead � 400 from fighting � 2, 100 from food poisoning, yellow fever, malaria, lack of medical care
Peace Treaty December 1898 � � Cuba independent U. S. pays $20 million for Philippines, Puerto Rico, and Guam � Unincorporated and unamerican
Feb. 1869 War With Philippines � � � Lasted 3 years 4, 200 dead 2, 800 wounded Brutal fighting Philippines not independent till 1946
Cuba � � 3 year military government Cure for yellow fever found by Maj. Walter Reed Platt Amendment (1934) Puerto Rico never gained independence � Citizenship in 1917
Annexation of Hawaii � � Queen Liliuokalani- opposed U. S. Sanford B. Dole and marines depose � Set up a Republic and ask for annexation President Mc. Kinley grants in 1898 Samoa �Germany, Britain, and U. S. all wanted �U. S. gets Pago
China � � Power of monarchy declines Spheres of influence shared by Russia, Germany, Britain, France, Japan, and U. S. Open Door policy 1900 Boxer Rebellion � 300 foreigners and Chinese Christians killed � Put down by Europeans
1900 Election � Mc. Kinley defeats William Bryan (isolationist) � Mc. Kinley assassinated � Teddy “Wild man” Roosevelt becomes President � Forceful Diplomacy President Roosevelt Born into a wealthy family Overcame Asthma Graduated a Historian Married Alice Hathaway Lee Studied Law
Three deaths in one Day � � Wife and Child during Childbirth and Mother from Typhoid fever Lived on a Ranch in Dakota Territory � Hunted, rode, studied history � Wrote “Winning the West” � Remarried Edith Carow � Enters politics � Hawk
Secretary of the Navy � � � Resigns to organize the 1 st volunteer Cavalry Regiment in Spanish American War Governor of New York Vice President-President � The Bully Pulpit
Panama Canal � � Isthmus of Panama French could not make canal � Tried to sell it U. S. - Columbia blocked the sale � 1903 U. S. incited a rebellion against Columbia Panama became a protectorate of the U. S. 1914 Canal completed before schedule and under budget
Foreign Policy in the Early 1900’s � � “Speak softly and carry a big stick” Roosevelt Corollary � Neighboring countries become stable and prosperous � Santo Domingo (Dominican Republic)
Roosevelt the Peacemaker � Russo-Japanese War � Supported Japan � 1905 Mediated a peace treaty Open door policy in China Land Control of Korea Russians vacate Manchuria Received the Nobel Peace Prize
William Howard Taft � � Succeeded Roosevselt Substituted bullets for dollars � Not always successful Railroads in China Lost influence after rebellion in China in 1911
People’s Response to Imperialism � Isolationists/Anti-imperialists � Disgust over the Philippines � Morals, Politics of Freedom U. S. colonies should have rights of U. S. citizens Planting Seeds of Democracy �People were not ready for democracy yet
Policy of Racism � � African Americans- more persecution of “inferior” races Southern Democrats- No more races in the U. S. �
Too Costly � � � Increased taxes for the military Too many problems at home Goods produced in colonies were no taxed or regulated
Appeals of Imperialism � � � Need for competition Need a frontier Boys scouts and Girl Scouts � Juliette Low � Media popularized imperialists “The Rough Riders” “Conquest of the Tropics”
Paradox of Power � � Support unpopular governments Responding to requests for help
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