Chapter 11 Water Water Two kinds Salt water

Chapter 11 Water

Water �Two kinds �Salt water �Freshwater �We can only live a few days without water, but we can live a month without food

The water cycle �Continuous movement of water between earth and its atmosphere �Is water a renewable resource?

Global water distribution �What percent of earth is covered by water? �About two thirds, or more specifically 71% �What percentage of that water is salt water? � 97% �So 3% of water on earth is fresh water �Most of this is ICE (77%) �A lot is GROUNDWATER (22%) �Less than 1% is SURFACE WATER (that we can drink)!

Chapter 11 Water Mr. Turri

Surface water �Fresh water on Earth’s land surface ◦ Remember we said less than 1% of Earth’s water is surface water! �Sources of fresh water in the form of surface water include : ◦ Rivers ◦ Streams ◦ Lakes

River systems �A flowing network of rivers and streams draining a river basin ◦ Other rivers and streams flow into other rivers and streams…making a larger river.

Mississippi River System

Watersheds � The area of land that is drained by a river � Biggest in the US in the Mississippi

Groundwater � Most of the freshwater available for human use cannot be seen – it exists underground � When it rains some water goes into the streams and rivers, but most of it percolates down through the soil and into the rocks below � This water is called groundwater

The water table � As you travel down through the earths surface, eventually you reach a point where the soil is saturated with water, this is the water table.

Groundwater � Aquifer: underground formation that contains groundwater � Porosity: the percentage of total volume of a rock that has spaces (pores) � Permeability: the ability of rock or soil to allow water to flow through it

Recharge Zone � An area of the Earth’s surface from which water percolates down into an aquifer