Chapter 11 Review GENETICS VOCAB Heterozygous person who

Chapter 11 Review GENETICS VOCAB

Heterozygous person who does not show a recessive disorder but can pass a recessive allele on to their offspring carrier When 2 alleles DON’T BLEND but BOTH SHOW TOGETHER like in A B blood type, it is called codominance ________ Codominance incomplete dominance

Transmission of characteristics from parents to offspring is called __________. heredity Genetics _______ is the study of how characteristics are passed on from one generation to the next.

RECESSIVE = An allele _________ that IS MASKED BY the presence of another allele The appearance of an organism is its _______ phenotype

Another name for heterozygous hybrid The diagram at the right Punnett square is called a _______

DOMINANT _________ = An allele that MASKS the presence of another allele Trait determined by more than two alleles Multiple allele trait

ALLELES ________ are different gene choices for a trait.

A dominant gene is represented by a ______ letter. capital (usually the first letter of the trait) When a heterozygous individual shows a blending of 2 alleles instead of one being dominant over the other it is called Incomplete dominance ____________.

When both alleles in the pair are DIFFERENT the organism is HETEROZYGOUS or _______ HYBRID _________ Trait determined by a gene located on an X chromosome X-linked trait

When both alleles in the pair are the SAME the organism is HOMOZYGOUS or _______ PURE _________ (PURE-BREEDING) A cross that involves individuals who are heterozygous for 1 trait monohybrid cross. is called a ______

Crossing individuals from the P 1 generation produces the F____ generation. 1 Crossing individuals from the F 1 generation produces the F 2 generation. ____

X or Y chromosomes that determine sex of an individual Sex chromosomes Molecule found on the surface of cells which helps cells recognize “self” and provides blood types glycoproteins

Chromosome that is not a sex chromosome autosome The genetic makeup of an individual; “the genes it has” genotype

RECESSIVE _________ = An allele that is MASKED BY the presence of another allele Trait determined by two or more genes POLYGENIC trait

Process in sexual reproduction in which male and female reproductive cells join to form a new cell; joining of an egg and sperm Fertilization specific characteristic that varies from one individual to another; trait

Term used to describe organisms that produce offspring identical to themselves if allowed to selfpollinate PURE or PURE (TRUE) BREEDING

Offspring of crosses between parents with different traits; Refers to organisms with one dominant and one recessive allele (Tt) HETEROZYGOUS or HYBRID

The separation of alleles when homologous chromosomes separate to form gametes SEGREGATION Specialized cells involved in sexual reproduction; also called sperm and egg cells GAMETES

The random mixing of maternal and paternal chromosomes when homologous chromosomes separate during Anaphase I to form gametes (sperm or egg cells) during meiosis INDEPENDENT ASSORTMENT

X-linked recessive disorder which causes a person to be unable to distinguish red and green colors colorblindness Name the X-linked recessive genetic disorder which causes excessive bleeding. HEMOPHILIA