Chapter 11 Jeffersonian Democracy The Critical Period 1800

Chapter 11: Jeffersonian Democracy “The Critical Period”. ~ 1800 – 1812 ~ APUSH

Election of 1800 John Adams BOO! Federalist, Alien & Sedition Acts New Navy = “John Adams Jackasses” Huge Navy, no war with France Thomas Jefferson & Aaron Burr FLAWS = state legislature “chooses electors” not popular vote Jefferson & Burr tie at 73 electoral votes The decision goes to the House of Representatives 12 th Amendment = Electors choose a Pres & VPres

Jefferson Restraint: Jefferson “Undoes” Federalist Programs Changes Alien & Sedition Acts = Naturalization Law of 1802 (5 yr citizenship) Repeal excise tax Reduction of debt, balanced budget Distrusted a large army Reduction to 2500 men

Jefferson Restraint: Jefferson “keeps” Federalist Programs remain Bank of the United States (BUS) Tariffs Funding state debts at par

The Dead Clutch of the Judiciary = Marbury v. Madison 1803 John Adams begins to “court pack with federalists” Appoints Madison as Justice of D. C…. . the letter does not get delivered before TJ is Pres Madison sues for delivery of the letter Chief Justice John Marshall: “The Judiciary Act of 1789 was unconstitutional…the court cannot ENFORCE law, we can merely judge law” = JUDICIAL REVIEW TJ Angry = court overturns the nullification law! Payback time….

Jefferson & Foreign Policy Barbary Pirates 1801 Tripoli wants more bribery money 4 yrs long Pays us $60, 000 Mosquito Fleet

The Louisiana Godsend Spain gives France Louisiana Territory 1800 US rights to port of New Orleans revoked! Go to war with France? ? ? In 1803, Jefferson sent James Monroe to join regular minister Robert R. Livingston to buy New Orleans and as much land to the east for a total of $10 million, tops! And the rights to the port of New Orleans. Napoleon sells Louisiana Territory for a bargain of $15 million. They did not want a US/GB alliance They abandoned their US dreams of a French empire due to losing of the Napoleonic Wars

Jefferson = Two Faced Strict constructionist US Constitution does not allow for purchase of land He lets it happen anyway…. .

Louisiana in the Long View The purchase created a precedent of acquisition of foreign territory through purchase. Lewis & Clark Sacajawea

Aaron Burr! Plots to secede NY & NE Hamilton exposes him! Hamilton & Burr “Duel” Burr tries to secede the West Many followers PROBLEM! The US cannot effectively govern the west!

America: A Nutcrackered Neutral War with GB & FR British Orders in Council 1806 Shipping must stop in GB before France 6, 000 Americans impressed GB fires on the Chesapeake US Embargo Act of 1807 No trading to foreign countries Colonial Response: “That Dambargo!” Non-Intercourse Act of 1809 (trade yes, GB/FR no)

That “Dambargo” was pretty “Damgood” US turned to building factories

President Madison 1809 -1817 Non Intercourse Act = Macon’s Bill No. 2 Opens all trade If we trade w/GB…we won’t trade w/Fr Vice versa Napoleon agrees (lies) GB to trade w/US or we cannot trade at all! Madison the idiot

War of 1812 - Causes 12 th Congress = “War Hawks” Want a GB war and expansion into Canada Argument: GB is supplying Indians in the west

War of 1812 The Second War of Independence On to Canada to wipe out the Native American base To protest against GB impressment Purpose: to restore confidence in Republicanism PROBLEM Leads to sectionalism New England shippers do not want war Federalists did not want agricultural Canadian lands (more slavery? ) US to fight Old England New England