Chapter 11 Establishing Rewards and Pay Plans Introduction

Chapter 11 Establishing Rewards and Pay Plans

Introduction There are many work motivators, including Ø promotions Ø desirable work assignments Ø peer recognition Ø work freedom but the focus in this chapter is pay. they all help maintain employee commitment Fundamentals of Human Resource Management, 10/e, De. Cenzo/Robbins Chapter 11, slide 2

Rewards Review Extrinsic Intrinsic Financial Non-financial participation in decision making greater job freedom more responsibility opportunities for growth diversity of activities Performance based Implied membership-based Explicit membership-based bonuses cost of living increase protection Program piecework labor market adjustment pay for time not worked commission profit sharing services/ perks incentive plans time-in-rank increase assigned parking space preferred assignments business cards own secretary impressive title merit pay plans Fundamentals of Human Resource Management, 10/e, De. Cenzo/Robbins Chapter 11, slide 3

Types of Reward Plans Intrinsic versus Extrinsic Rewards Øintrinsic rewards (personal satisfactions) come from the job itself, such as: Ø pride in one’s work Ø feelings of accomplishment Ø being part of a work team Øextrinsic rewards come from a source outside the job, mainly by management: Ømoney Øpromotions Øbenefits Fundamentals of Human Resource Management, 10/e, De. Cenzo/Robbins Chapter 11, slide 4

Types of Reward Plans Financial versus Nonfinancial Rewards Øfinancial rewards: Ø wages Ø bonuses Ø profit sharing Ø pension plans Ø paid leaves Ø purchase discounts Ønonfinancial rewards: Ømake life on the job more attractive; employees vary greatly on what types they like Fundamentals of Human Resource Management, 10/e, De. Cenzo/Robbins Chapter 11, slide 5

Types of Reward Plans Performance-based versus Membership-Based Ø performance-based rewards are tied to specific job performance criteria Ø Ø Ø commissions piecework pay plans incentive systems group bonuses merit pay Ø membership-based rewards such as cost-of-living increases, benefits, and salary increases are offered to all employees Fundamentals of Human Resource Management, 10/e, De. Cenzo/Robbins Chapter 11, slide 6

Compensation Administration Companies derive their compensation programs from job evaluation, which defines the appropriate worth of each job. An effective, fair compensation program Øattracts Ømotivates Øretains competent employees. Both employees and employers can research compensation facts and issues at www. salary. com http: //salary. nytimes. com/ http: //www. salaryexpert. com/ Fundamentals of Human Resource Management, 10/e, De. Cenzo/Robbins Chapter 11, slide 7

Compensation Administration The Fair Labor Standards Act requires Ø minimum wage Ø overtime pay Ø record-keeping Ø child labor restrictions exempt employees include professional and managerial employees not covered under FLSA overtime provisions nonexempt employees eligible for premium pay (time and one-half) when they work more than 40 hours in a week Fundamentals of Human Resource Management, 10/e, De. Cenzo/Robbins Chapter 11, slide 8

Compensation Administration Equal Pay Act of 1963 requires that men and women hired for the same job be paid the same. Civil Rights Act: Ø broader than Equal Pay Act Ø prohibits discrimination on the basis of gender Ø used to support comparable worth concept Ø salaries established based on skill, responsibility, effort, and working conditions Fundamentals of Human Resource Management, 10/e, De. Cenzo/Robbins Chapter 11, slide 9

Job Evaluation and the Pay Structure Job evaluation helps set pay structure. ØJob analysis information determines the relative value, or rank, of each job in the organization. Other pay structure factors: Ølabor market conditions Øcollective bargaining Øindividual skill differences Research wage information at the Bureau of Labor Statistics http: //www. bls. gov/blswage. htm Fundamentals of Human Resource Management, 10/e, De. Cenzo/Robbins Chapter 11, slide 10

Job Evaluation and the Pay Structure Job Evaluation Methods ordering method classification method point method A committee places jobs in a simple rank order from highest (worth highest pay) to lowest. Jobs placed in grades to compare their descriptions to the benchmarked jobs. Look for a common denominator (skills, knowledge, responsibility). Jobs are rated and allocated points on several criteria. Jobs with similar point totals are placed in similar pay grades. Offers the greatest stability. Fundamentals of Human Resource Management, 10/e, De. Cenzo/Robbins Chapter 11, slide 11

Job Evaluation and the Pay Structure Establishing the Pay Structure compensation surveys Used to gather factual data on pay rates for other organizations. Information is often collected on associated employee benefits as well. wage curves Drawn by plotting job evaluation data (such as job points or grades) against pay rates (actual or from survey data). Indicates whether pay structure is logical. Fundamentals of Human Resource Management, 10/e, De. Cenzo/Robbins wage structure Designates pay ranges for jobs of similar value. Results in a logical hierarchy of wages, in overlapping ranges. Chapter 11, slide 12

Job Evaluation and the Pay Structure External factors also influence pay structure. Øgeographic differences (local supply and demand) Ølabor supply (low supply = higher wages and vice versa) Øcompetition (HR can match, lead, or lag) Øcost of living as determined by the CPI Øcollective bargaining (unions) employees must know how the pay structure is derived Fundamentals of Human Resource Management, 10/e, De. Cenzo/Robbins Chapter 11, slide 13

Special Cases of Compensation Incentive Compensation Plans individual organization-wide group incentives can be added to the basic pay structure to provide rewards for performance Fundamentals of Human Resource Management, 10/e, De. Cenzo/Robbins Chapter 11, slide 14

Special Cases of Compensation Individual Incentives Ømerit pay plans (annual increase, based on performance) Øpiecework plans (pay based on number of units produced typically in a specified time period) Øtime-savings bonuses and commissions these work best where clear objectives are set and tasks are independent Fundamentals of Human Resource Management, 10/e, De. Cenzo/Robbins Chapter 11, slide 15

Special Cases of Compensation Group Incentives can be offered to groups, rather than individuals, when employees' tasks are interdependent and require cooperation. Advantages ØFocuses the group on specific performance targets. ØSince rewards are controllable by individuals, the programs can be very motivational. ØThe program can be integrated with other corporate initiatives and leads to improved communication and employee relations Disadvantages ØCan be costly to install and administer. ØDe-emphasizes individual performance, which can result in excessive peer pressure. ØRequires open communication with employees on costs, profitability, etc. If the performance targets are not carefully selected, adverse results may occur. See: http: //www. hrdm. net/en/group_incentive. htm Fundamentals of Human Resource Management, 10/e, De. Cenzo/Robbins Chapter 11, slide 16

Special Cases of Compensation Organization-wide Incentives Ødirect employee efforts toward organizational goals (such as cost reduction) ØScanlon Plan - supervisor and employee committees suggest labor-saving improvements. See http: //www. scanlonleader. org/index. php/Plans-ect. html ØIMPROSHARE - formula is used to determine bonuses based on labor cost savings. See http: //www. qualitydigest. com/jul/gainshre. html Fundamentals of Human Resource Management, 10/e, De. Cenzo/Robbins Chapter 11, slide 17

Special Cases of Compensation Paying for Performance Ø Competency-based compensation Ø Rewarded for skills, knowledge and behaviors Ø leadership Ø problem solving Ø decision making Ø strategic planning Ø Broad-banding: pre-set pay levels that determine what people are paid based on their type and level of competency. Fundamentals of Human Resource Management, 10/e, De. Cenzo/Robbins Chapter 11, slide 18

Special Cases of Compensation Team-Based Compensation Ø incentives for empowered work teams to exceed established goals and share equally in rewards Ø depends on: Ø clarity of team purpose and goals Ø ability of the team to obtain needed resources Ø effective team communication skills and trust Fundamentals of Human Resource Management, 10/e, De. Cenzo/Robbins Chapter 11, slide 19

Executive Compensation Programs Salaries of Top Managers Ø executive pay can run 400 times higher than that of the average worker Ø 2008 saw a decline in exec compensation, mostly due to economic and political forces. See: http: //online. wsj. com/article/SB 123375514020647787. html Ø competition for executive talent raises the price of hiring an executive Ø high salaries can be a motivator for executives and lowerlevel managers Fundamentals of Human Resource Management, 10/e, De. Cenzo/Robbins Chapter 11, slide 20

Executive Compensation Programs Supplemental Financial Compensation Ødeferred bonuses – paid to executives over extended time periods, to encourage them to stay with the company Østock options – allow executives to purchase stock in the future at a fixed price Øhiring bonuses – compensate for the deferred compensation lost when leaving a former company Fundamentals of Human Resource Management, 10/e, De. Cenzo/Robbins Chapter 11, slide 21

Executive Compensation Programs Supplemental Nonfinancial Compensation Perquisites free financial, legal and tax counseling club memberships paid life insurance supplemental retirement accounts interestfree loans perks may include postretirement consulting contracts mortgage assistance expense accounts company cars supplemental disability insurance Fundamentals of Human Resource Management, 10/e, De. Cenzo/Robbins Chapter 11, slide 22

Executive Compensation Programs Supplemental Nonfinancial Compensation Perks Ø Golden parachutes protect executives when a merger or hostile takeover occurs by providing severance pay or a guaranteed position. For the history of the golden parachute, see: http: //www. businessweek. com/magazine/content/05_50/b 3963111. htm Read about the top 10 golden parachute recipients: http: //www. time. com/time/specials/packages/completelist/0, 29569, 1848501, 00. html Fundamentals of Human Resource Management, 10/e, De. Cenzo/Robbins Chapter 11, slide 23

International Compensation International compensation packages generally utilize the “balance-sheet approach, ” using these four factors: Ø base pay: the pay of employees in comparable jobs at home Ø differentials: compensation given to offset higher costs of living abroad Ø incentives: inducements given to encourage employees to accept overseas assignments Ø assistance programs: payment for expenses involved in moving a family abroad and in providing some services overseas HR needs to understand the statutory requirements of each country Fundamentals of Human Resource Management, 10/e, De. Cenzo/Robbins Chapter 11, slide 24

Fill-in-the-blanks 1. _____ rewards come from the job itself; _____ rewards come from outside the job. Intrinsic; extrinsic 2. Wages, bonuses, and pension plans are examples of _____ rewards. financial 3. The _________ is the source of companies’ compensation programs. job evaluation 4. Scanlon and IMPROSHARE are examples of ______-____ incentives. organization-wide 5. Using pre-set pay levels that determine what people are paid based on their type and level of competency is called ______-_______. Broad-banding 6. _________ protect executives when a merger or hostile takeover occurs by providing severance pay or a guaranteed position. Golden parachutes Fundamentals of Human Resource Management, 10/e, De. Cenzo/Robbins Chapter 11, slide 25