Chapter 11 Disease and Your Body Types of

Chapter 11 Disease and Your Body

Types of germs • Bacteria • one celled organisms that live and • strep throat, • Virus • Smallest of all, needs a living host • Colds, chicken pox • Can’t make own food gets from • Athletes foot, ring • simple animal like, usually spread • Giardia, malaria • • • Fungi reproduce inside or outside the body to live and reproduce plants, humans, animals • Protazoa • Ricketssias through water small bacteria spread through bites of insects, ticks, lice pnemonia, TB worm RMS,

Ways Germs are Spread • breath in after person • droplets - pneumonia, Indirect Contact contact with the germ • door knob someone has • rhinovirus (cold) influenza, Direct Contact with the person who has the germ • kissing, pick up on hands • HIV, hepatitis B & C • fungi, insects, bacterium's Contact with Animals • Bitten by animal or insect • touching animal • indirectly on surface • rabies, Lyme disease animal contacted Malaria, West Nile, RMS fever • salmonella • eating and drinking • E. Coli, Guardia, botulism Close contact with person who has the germ Other contacts coughs or sneezes droplets, airborne transmission (travel farther) touched and left germs behind and skin (shaking hands), sexually transmitted infections contaminated food/drink strep throat, ear infections, • TB, anthrax spores, measles stomach flu’s

Body’s Defense Against Disease 1 st Line of Defense • Tears • Skin • wash germs away, chemical • Mucous membranes • Saliva • Trap germs • Gastric juices • • compounds kill Forms a barrier • Chemical compounds that kill germs Chemical compounds

Body’s Defense Against Disease General Immunity “Main Lines of Defense” • Phagocytes • White blood cells engulf and • Interferons • Chemical substance produced • fever destroy germs by cells that prevents virus reproduction • High temp destroys germs

Body’s Defense Against Disease Specific Immunity • Lymph nodes • Filter germs • Lymphocytes • Produce proteins that attach to • Antibodies • Attack germs or toxins directly (B & T cells) germs and toxins Specific Immunity – has a “memory” for specific germs