Chapter 10 Reconstitution of Powdered Drugs Copyright 2010

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Chapter 10 Reconstitution of Powdered Drugs Copyright © 2010 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS

Chapter 10 Reconstitution of Powdered Drugs Copyright © 2010 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

Purpose • Drugs in powder form retain potency for only short time once reconstituted

Purpose • Drugs in powder form retain potency for only short time once reconstituted – e. g. , ampicillin Copyright © 2010 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

Key Safety Point • Reconstitution directions on vial labels are small and difficult to

Key Safety Point • Reconstitution directions on vial labels are small and difficult to read, mandating extreme care in reading them Copyright © 2010 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

Drug Volume After Reconstitution • Reconstituted volumes do not always exactly equal amount of

Drug Volume After Reconstitution • Reconstituted volumes do not always exactly equal amount of diluent because medication itself has volume – Makes total volume larger than amount of diluent injected into vial Copyright © 2010 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

Reconstitution: Step 1 • Locate directions on label, package insert, or current parenteral medication

Reconstitution: Step 1 • Locate directions on label, package insert, or current parenteral medication reference Copyright © 2010 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

Diluent Information • Type of diluent varies for different drugs – Sterile water used

Diluent Information • Type of diluent varies for different drugs – Sterile water used most frequently for parenteral drug reconstitution • Volume of diluent varies for different drugs Copyright © 2010 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

Diluent Information • If directions given for both IM and IV reconstitution, be careful

Diluent Information • If directions given for both IM and IV reconstitution, be careful to read correct set for solution being prepared Copyright © 2010 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

Reconstitution: Step 2 • Once diluent identified, use sterile syringe and aseptic technique to

Reconstitution: Step 2 • Once diluent identified, use sterile syringe and aseptic technique to draw up volume of diluent required for reconstitution of specific medication Copyright © 2010 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

Vial Pressure • If powdered medication in vial, syringe plunger forced out to expel

Vial Pressure • If powdered medication in vial, syringe plunger forced out to expel air – Re-equalizes internal vial pressure as diluent injected Copyright © 2010 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

Reconstitution: Step 3 • After diluent injected, rotate and up-end vial until all medication

Reconstitution: Step 3 • After diluent injected, rotate and up-end vial until all medication dissolved • Most parenteral medications should not be shaken to dissolve powder Copyright © 2010 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

Reconstitution: Step 4 • After reconstitution, locate information that notes how long reconstituted medication

Reconstitution: Step 4 • After reconstitution, locate information that notes how long reconstituted medication can be stored Copyright © 2010 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

Reconstitution: Step 5 • Document the following items: – Initials of person reconstituting medication

Reconstitution: Step 5 • Document the following items: – Initials of person reconstituting medication – Reconstitution date and time – Expiration date and time Copyright © 2010 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

Reconstitution Information • If all information needed for reconstitution not on medication vial label,

Reconstitution Information • If all information needed for reconstitution not on medication vial label, obtain from one of the following locations: – Medication package insert – Current and reliable medication reference – Facility pharmacy Copyright © 2010 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

Multiple Strength Solutions • Some powdered medications offer choice of dosage strengths • Reconstituted

Multiple Strength Solutions • Some powdered medications offer choice of dosage strengths • Reconstituted strength must be added to label information Copyright © 2010 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.