CHAPTER 10 POLITICS REVIVAL AND REFORM SOCIETY Adult

SOCIETY � Adult white male suffrage ◦ 1840: 90% � Blacks ◦ Racism �

ANDREW JACKSON � Dominating figure � Indian removal ◦ Trail of Tears

UTOPIAN SOCIETIES � Millerites ◦ Judgment day: 0 ct. 22, 1843

SOCIAL REFORM � Temperance ◦ Alcohol �A social norm �Became abused �Problems � 1830:

This Currier and Ives lithograph, The Drunkard’s Progress, dramatically conveys the message that the

FIGURE 13. 2 Per Capita Consumption of Alcohol 1800 – 60 The underlying cause

SEX � Restraint � Sylvester Graham ◦ sexual activity ◦ Excessive sex: bad ◦

SHAKERS � 1774, oldest utopian group � Mother Ann ◦ Female version of God

ALTERNATIVES � Oneidas ◦ ◦ ◦ Upstate N. Y. John Noyes, 1848 Free love

EDUCATION � Horace Mann ◦ State based, mandatory � Reform � Education ◦ Standardization

Winslow Homer’s famous painting, The Country School is both affectionate and realistic, showing both

ABOLITIONISM � Blacks and Whites ◦ ACS – 1817 �Liberia, West Africa ◦ Blacks:

BLACK RIGHTS � David Walker � Appeal � Anti-slavery � Fight segregation ◦ Any

WOMEN’S RIGHTS � Second � Women class citizens ◦ Could not advance ◦ Serve

Slides: 18

Download presentation

CHAPTER 10 POLITICS, REVIVAL, AND REFORM

SOCIETY � Adult white male suffrage ◦ 1840: 90% � Blacks ◦ Racism � Women ◦ Patriarchal beliefs

POPULAR POLITICS � Parades, rallies

ANDREW JACKSON � Dominating figure � Indian removal ◦ Trail of Tears

UTOPIAN SOCIETIES � Millerites ◦ Judgment day: 0 ct. 22, 1843

SOCIAL REFORM � Temperance ◦ Alcohol �A social norm �Became abused �Problems � 1830: +7 gallons per capita

This Currier and Ives lithograph, The Drunkard’s Progress, dramatically conveys the message that the first glass leads the drinker inevitably to alcoholism and finally to the grave, while his wife and child (shown under the arch) suffer. SOURCE: The Drunkard ’s Progress , Library of Congress.

FIGURE 13. 2 Per Capita Consumption of Alcohol 1800 – 60 The underlying cause of the dramatic fall in alcohol consumption during the 1830 s was the changing nature of work brought about by the market revolution. Contributing factors were the shock of the Panic of 1837 and the untiring efforts of temperance reformers. SOURCE: W. J. Rorabaugh, The Alcoholic Republic: An American Tradition (New York: Oxford University Press, 1979).

SEX � Restraint � Sylvester Graham ◦ sexual activity ◦ Excessive sex: bad ◦ solution: special wheat crackers (Graham crackers), fruit, cold showers ◦ Dieting, nutrition

SHAKERS � 1774, oldest utopian group � Mother Ann ◦ Female version of God � Chastity and abstinence ◦ Personal experiences

ALTERNATIVES � Oneidas ◦ ◦ ◦ Upstate N. Y. John Noyes, 1848 Free love No marriage Communal �Sex unions �Child rearing ◦ Adultery � Mormons ◦ Joseph Smith (adultery? ) ◦ Polygamy legitimate

EDUCATION � Horace Mann ◦ State based, mandatory � Reform � Education ◦ Standardization ◦ Training

Winslow Homer’s famous painting, The Country School is both affectionate and realistic, showing both the idealism of the young female teacher and the barefoot condition of most of her pupils. SOURCE: Winslow Homer, The Country School , 1871. St. Louis Art Museum

ABOLITIONISM � Blacks and Whites ◦ ACS – 1817 �Liberia, West Africa ◦ Blacks: �Douglas ◦ Whites: �Garrison, Liberator

BLACK RIGHTS � David Walker � Appeal � Anti-slavery � Fight segregation ◦ Any means

WOMEN’S RIGHTS � Second � Women class citizens ◦ Could not advance ◦ Serve men � Seneca Falls convention, 1848