Chapter 10 Medieval Kingdoms in Europe 800 1300

Chapter 10 Medieval Kingdoms in Europe 800 -1300

What we are going to be focusing on… How can changes to political systems impact economic activity? How is society influenced by changes in political and economic systems?

The End of the Carolingian Empire Declined and fell apart shortly after ________ death. Infighting between heirs split the empire Divided in to three parts: ________________. Wave of _________ spread across Europe. Furthered weakened the Central European states

Scandinavian Invasion! Vikings: Germanic people from ________________________ Excellent ______________ Used waterways to reach ________ Strong warriors, able to defeat small local armies Began building European settlements _______________ Started first _________

The Development of Feudalism Decline of Carolingian Empire resulted in breakdown of ______________. Nobles gained power by ________ and _______ in return for service. New social and political order of ______ arose. Lords exerted control over large territories. Feudal Contract: _________________________________________________ Vassals and knights provided ________________________

The Structure of Feudalism Lords were chief __________________________authorities Warriors were required to pledge loyalty to their lords In return warriors received _________ over those living therein. Lords would defend and support warriors Multiple landholders maintained order instead of single government Complicated series of interconnected feudal relationships based on ________and ______________.

Knights in the Feudal System Nobilities main focus was on _______ Knights became part of the _________ Chivalry: ____________________. Courtesy, fairness, piety, and devotion Defend the ________________ Treat captives with ___________ Treat aristocratic women with _____________________.

Focus on Agriculture Population in Europe was _______ in early Middle Ages Development of new wind and water technologies, reduced ________ and ________ labor. Windmills Water wheels: _________________. Development of Carruca and Horse Collar __________________________ Able to ___________________ Led to ___________________ Increase efficiency in land use Led to innovations in ____________, increased productivity __________________________ Higher yields led to _______________

Manorial System Nobles, focus on Warfare, relied on __________________. Manor: Large agricultural estate that was given to _____, and were worked by ______ Serf: ________________________________________ Peasants performed a variety of tasks, determined by the seasons of the year They raised food for themselves and their lords. ____________________.

Revival of Trade As populations and agricultural surplus grew, a revival of ______ took place. Trade developed gradually in Europe ______________________ become major hubs ____ and other North and Baltic Sea towns too Increase in trade demanded the use of ____________. Increase in ___________ instead of barter

Growth of Cities In early medieval period, population grew in cities and towns As there was a rise in trade, people began settling ___________ Cities were _________ and had crowded, ________________ Built new towns near castles located on _______ Territory still owned by _________________ Merchants were able to _______________________________________ Eventually ____________________ Rise of the Bourgeoisie: _____________________________

Rise in Manufacturing Rise of Trade and growth of cities, led to a rise in ___________________ As cities became centers of manufacturing, craftspeople organized themselves into guilds Guilds: ____________________________________ Guilds played a key role in the economic life of medieval cities.

Growth of Kingdoms in High Middle Ages Norman Conquest of England William the Conquer of Normandy invades _________ Defeat King Harold at the ______________ William crowned King of England Nobles had to swear oath of loyalty to William as sole ruler of England. Norman knights were given _______ by king. Existing Anglo-Saxon institutions were adopted and developed by Normans. _______________________ Ruling class spoke French. ____________________ eventually merged to form new English language.

Development of English Monarchy 1154 AD Henry II expanded the power of the _________ Increases size and power of central courts Established Common Law: _____________________________ ____was still held strong power outside of _________ Archbishop Thomas Beckett angered King saying ______________________________ Murdered in _________________________ Magna Carta 1215 AD Increases power of _________________ rebelled against King John, forced him to sign Magna Carta Document of rights, said the monarchs power was limited Creation of Parliament Developed under King Edward I, representative government composed of Nobles, and local knights and commoners _________________________

Kingdom of France Developed from the Western Kingdom of the Franks Early French Kings didn’t hold a lot or power 1180 King Phillip II Augustus expanded power of the monarchy Regained territories controlled by ___________ Louis IX Normandy, Maine, Anjou, and Aquitaine Deeply religious, put and increase focus on ________ Philip IV Expanded centralized bureaucracy Created “_____________” French parliament Made of three groups: __________________

The Holy Roman Empire Eastern Frankish Kingdom taken over by the Duke of Saxony, became known as _________ King Otto I Crowned _____________962 AD Gave military protection to __________ German Kings tried to gain power of both Italian and Papal states Frederick I and Frederick II both failed Left Germany to be ruled by local lords, led to weakening of Emperor

Slavic Expansion Slavs moved in from Central Asia Slavic peoples separated into three major groups: western, southern, and eastern Slavs. Western Slavs formed _____________kingdoms. _______________adopted Roman Catholicism. Southern Slavs included __________________________________________. Croats adopted ______________; other southern Slavs adopted ______________. Cultural life was linked to ______________.

Kievan Rus and Mongol Rule Swedish Vikings settled in present day Ukraine and Russia Dominated Eastern Slavs in the region Established the ______________ First Russian State Trade with Byzantine led to prosperity in the region Converted to Eastern Orthodox in 988 Declined in 1169 AD _____ invaded, forced Russian Princes to pay tribute Alexander Nevsky Russian prince who rose to power, defeated invading German armies 1242 AD Battle on the Ice Given the title of Grand Prince by the _______ Descendants ____________________

Citations Spielvogel, Jackson J. World History & Geography. Bothell: Mc. Graw-Hill Education, 2014. E-Book