Chapter 10 CREATIVE THINKING PROBLEM SOLVING Role Of

Chapter 10 CREATIVE THINKING & PROBLEM SOLVING

Role Of Creative Thinking � Creative thinking is the process by which individuals come up with new ideas or new approaches to business � Focuses �Exploring ideas �Generating possibilities �Looking for many answers

Challenges faced by business � Globalization � Environmental problems � Energy shortages � Technology � Consumer / Employee behaviour

How does it HELP? � Improves quality of solutions � Stimulates new ideas � Motivates employees � Improves productivity

Creative Thinking To Solve Business Problems:

� New products/services will meet changing needs � Products/Services can be marketed creatively � Existing products can be adopted to meet changing trends � Strategies can be made more creatively � Managers can motivate employees � Employees can think for themselves and add value to the process

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Businesses encourage creative thinking by: � Encouraging experimentation � Providing positive feedback to employees � Providing time, resources & opportunities � Training staff � Giving freedom

Problem Solving � Who encounters problems? � Where are problems found? � What are the problems? � How do we solve these problems? � So…. . “ being able to solve problems quickly and effectively is a tool ”

Research in Problem Solving � Can involve: ○ Speaking ○ Reading � 1) books, magazines newspapers, articles etc. � 2) information on the net

Thorough Research Problem Solving � 5 STEPS: � 1) Be clear � 2) Use different sources � 3) Analyze the information � 4) Reflect � 5) Synthesis your strategy

Decision Making vs Problem Solving � Decision Making �“ The thought process of selecting a logical choice from the available options ” � Problem Solving �“ The process of working through details of a problem to reach a solution ”

Decision Making Cycle FRAME PROBLEM DECIDE FIND SOLUTIONS Page 162

Problem Solving Cycle Identify Problem Define Problem Evaluate Formulate Strategy Monitor Allocate Resources Implement Strategy Page 162

Techniques For Problem Solving � Indigenous Knowledge �“ Indigenous knowledge is an emerging area of study that focuses on the ways of knowing, seeing, and thinking that are passed down orally from generation to generation. These ways of understanding reflect thousands of years of experimentation and innovation in topics ”

1 2 Recognize any of these? 4 3

Techniques For Problem Solving � Mind Mapping �“A mind map is a diagram used to visually organize information. A mind map is often created around a single concept, drawn as an image in the center of a blank landscape page, to which associated representations of ideas such as images, words and parts of words are added. Major ideas are connected directly to the central concept, and other ideas branch out from those ”

Techniques For Problem Solving � Brainstorming �“Brainstorming is a group or individual creativity technique by which efforts are made to find a conclusion for a specific problem by gathering a list of ideas spontaneously contributed by its member(s) ”

Techniques For Problem Solving � Force-Field Analysis TOTAL: ______

Techniques For Problem Solving � Chair Technique PRO’s CON’s

Techniques For Problem Solving � Empty Chair Technique PRO’s CON’s

Techniques For Problem Solving � Delphi Technique �Experts �Invited to ‘help’ �Use questionnaires �Anonymously summarized into a report �Feedback = Questionnaires (revise) �Final summary �CONSENSUS

Techniques For Problem Solving � Nominal Group Technique �Groups are divided (5 or 6) �Problem is defined �Individuals brainstorm � 1 by 1 they give their solutions *no criticism �Anonymously each individual rates the solutions �Ratings are collected �Each group then presents their best solutions according to votes

Techniques For Problem Solving � Forced Combination �looks existing combinations �Works as follows: ○ Groups define and understand the problem ○ Brainstorm ○ Keywords get noted ○ Combine words to make combinations ○ Be adventurous with combinations ○ SELECT BEST IDEA

Techniques For Problem Solving � SCAMPER Technique “ looking at problems from different angles ” S - Substitute C - Combine A - Adapt M - Magnify P - Put to other uses 1) we identify the problem E - Eliminate 2) Ask questions relating R - Rearrange - Technique used - Based on acronym