Chapter 1 Whole Numbers Copyright 2008 Pearson AddisonWesley

Section 1. 1 Understanding the Basics of Whole Numbers Copyright © 2008 Pearson Addison-Wesley.

Place Value • The numbers 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, and 9 are called digits. • The Hindu-Arabic or decimal number system is a system that uses the digits to represent numbers. • The natural or counting numbers are any of the numbers 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, … • The whole numbers include zero together with the natural numbers. Copyright © 2008 Pearson Addison-Wesley. All rights reserved. 1 -1 -3

Place Value Chart • The position of a digit in a whole number tells us the value of that digit. § The place value chart breaks up a whole number into periods: ones, thousands, millions, billions, trillions, … § Each period contains three places. Copyright © 2008 Pearson Addison-Wesley. All rights reserved. 1 -1 -4

Example Identify the place value of the indicated digit. § § 153, 501 4890 678, 819, 156 41, 582, 326 hundreds tens hundred thousands ten millions Copyright © 2008 Pearson Addison-Wesley. All rights reserved. 1 -1 -5

Standard Notation and Word Form • A representation for a number in which each period is separated by a comma is called standard notation or standard form. • It is sometimes necessary to write a number in word form. Copyright © 2008 Pearson Addison-Wesley. All rights reserved. 1 -1 -6

Example Write each number in standard notation and word form. a. 548, 369 five hundred forty-eight thousand, three hundred sixty-nine b. 5128 five thousand, one hundred twenty-eight c. 39, 751, 866 thirty-nine million, seven hundred fifty-one thousand, eight hundred sixty-six Copyright © 2008 Pearson Addison-Wesley. All rights reserved. 1 -1 -7

Expanded Notation • Expanded notation or expanded form is a representation of a number as a sum of its ones place, tens place, hundreds place, and so on, beginning with the highest place value. Copyright © 2008 Pearson Addison-Wesley. All rights reserved. 1 -1 -8

Example: Write each number in expanded notation. a. 912 900 + 10 + 2 or 9 hundreds + 1 ten + 2 ones b. 56, 203 50, 000 + 6000 + 200 + 3 or 5 ten thousands + 6 thousands + 2 hundreds + 3 ones c. 457, 164 400, 000 + 50, 000 + 7000 + 100 + 60 + 4 or 4 hundred thousands + 5 ten thousands + 7 thousands + 1 hundred + 6 tens + 4 ones Copyright © 2008 Pearson Addison-Wesley. All rights reserved. 1 -1 -9

Rounding Numbers • A rounded number is an approximation of an exact number. Copyright

Example Round each number to the specified place value. a. b. c. d. 514, 633 to the nearest hundred 47, 899 to the nearest ten 211, 566, 487 to the nearest hundred thousand 61, 523, 469 to the leftmost place value Copyright © 2008 Pearson Addison-Wesley. All rights reserved. 1 -1 -11

Solution a. b. c. d. 514, 633 47, 899 211, 566, 487 61, 523,

Read and Interpret a Table • A table is a collection of data arranged

Example Use the table Average Annual Salaries–Selected Occupations to answer the questions that follow.

Example • What occupation had the highest average salary in 2001? attorney • What was the average annual salary for a teacher in 1998? $39, 360 • What was the average annual salary for an accountant in 2003? Write your answer in word form. sixty-three thousand, one hundred three dollars • Round the average salary for an attorney in 1994 to the nearest thousand. $65, 000 Copyright © 2008 Pearson Addison-Wesley. All rights reserved. 1 -1 -15