CHAPTER 1 TENSES The Simple Present Tense The

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CHAPTER 1 TENSES The Simple Present Tense The Simple Past Tense The Simple Future

CHAPTER 1 TENSES The Simple Present Tense The Simple Past Tense The Simple Future Tense By : Sanjay Koriya (M. A. M. Ed. )

WHAT IS GRAMMAR? • • • The structure of a language The skeleton of

WHAT IS GRAMMAR? • • • The structure of a language The skeleton of a language The backbone of a language The rules of a language The basic principles of a language

Grammar • The scientific study of a language • A set of rules that

Grammar • The scientific study of a language • A set of rules that tells how to speak and write correctly. • The rules in a language for changing the form of words and joining them into sentences. • The rules that governs the use of language

Tense • A set of verb forms that indicate when the action happens i.

Tense • A set of verb forms that indicate when the action happens i. e. Past, Present, Future • OR • Verb form that shows when the action takes place.

English Grammar Tenses • Present Tense: – – Simple Present Tense Present progressive Tense

English Grammar Tenses • Present Tense: – – Simple Present Tense Present progressive Tense Present Perfect Progressive Tense – – Simple Past Tense Past Progressive Tense Past Perfect Progressive – – Simple Future Tense Future Progressive Tense Future Prefect Tense Future Perfect Progressive • Past Tense: • Future Tense:

Simple Present Tense It expresses an action that happens: • Repeatedly • E. g.

Simple Present Tense It expresses an action that happens: • Repeatedly • E. g. Rajesh often visits his family. • Regularly • E. g. I receive bank statement from my bank every month. • Habitually • E. g. Ashok drinks water before he goes to bed. • Everyday • E. g. Mohan goes to his office everyday.

SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE (STRUCTURE) SUB + Verb (s/es) + Complement 1. Jayesh washes his

SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE (STRUCTURE) SUB + Verb (s/es) + Complement 1. Jayesh washes his clothes himself. 2. We wash our clothes ourselves. • Question: – Does/Do + Sub + Verb + Complement? – Does Jayesh wash his clothes himself? • Negative: – Sub + don’t / doesn’t + Verb + Complement. – Jayesh doesn’t wash his clothes himself.

Final (s) or (es) • Verbs that take s/es become singular. • Verbs that

Final (s) or (es) • Verbs that take s/es become singular. • Verbs that are used for third person singular in simple present tense take final s/es. – Add `s’ with verbs having `e’. Make- Makes – Add `es’ with ch/sh/ss/x/z/o like Teach-Teaches – Add `ies ‘ with verbs ending in y, followed by consonant, removing `y’. like : Cry-Cries – Add `s’ with verbs ending in y, followed by vowel. Like Plays

Exercise • Fill in the blanks with the simple present tense of the verbs.

Exercise • Fill in the blanks with the simple present tense of the verbs. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. Winter ____ after autumn. (come) A dog_______. (bark) You ______tired. (look) Everyone ____ mistakes. (make) All _____ in a department store. (work) Monkeys ____ bananas. (like) He _______ very fast. (Type) We ____ english very well. (speak) The children _______ to school by bus. (go) Shyam ____ very sincerely. (learn)

Simple Past Tense Shows an action or activity that happened in the past or

Simple Past Tense Shows an action or activity that happened in the past or in a period of passed time. E. g. • Kartik played cricket yesterday. • I taught english last monday. • He came from Rajkot.

Simple Past Tense structure SUB + V (regular/Irregular) + Complement Manish washed her clothes.

Simple Past Tense structure SUB + V (regular/Irregular) + Complement Manish washed her clothes. Naresh wrote his assignment. • Question: – Did + Sub + V (infinitive) + Complement? – Did Naresh write his assignments? • Negative: – Sub + did (not) + V (infinitive) + complement. – Naresh did not write his assignment.

Regular Verbs Such verbs which end in `ed’. These verbs are called regular verbs.

Regular Verbs Such verbs which end in `ed’. These verbs are called regular verbs. - Add `ed’ in usually formed like jump-jumped – Add `d’ with verbs having `e’. Agree - Agreed – Add `ed ‘ with verbs that end in a consonant and have only a single vowel before the consonant. like : fan-fanned, grab-grabbed – Add `ed’ with verbs that end in y, followed by Consonant, Change the `Y’ to `I’ before adding `ed’. Like : bury – buried, carry – carried – Add `ed’ with verbs that end in y, followed by vowel, don’t change the `Y’ before adding `ed’. Like : play-played

Irregular Verbs - Such verbs which do not end in `ed’. These verbs are

Irregular Verbs - Such verbs which do not end in `ed’. These verbs are called irregular verbs. Break –broke Sell-sold Teach-taught sleep-slept Get-got Read-read Hear-heard Fly-flew Keep-Kept Cut-cut Buy-bought Bend-bent Shut-shut Give-gave

Exercise • Fill in the blanks with the simple past tense of the verbs.

Exercise • Fill in the blanks with the simple past tense of the verbs. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. She ____ home alone. (go) A frog ______ into the well. (jump) He ______tired. (look) An apple _______ on his head. (drop) He _____ his old car and ______a new one. (sell/buy) Who ______ all the windows ? (shut) The party _______ at 8. 00 p. m. (begin) Nilesh ______ up the ladder carefully. (climp) Paresh _____ the highest grade in his English class. (get) The wind ______ throughout the night. (blow)

Simple Future Tense Shows an action or activity that have not happened yet, but

Simple Future Tense Shows an action or activity that have not happened yet, but are going to happen. E. g. • I shall finish the job tomorrow. • You will enjoy visiting New Zealand. • He will be back for dinner the next day.

Simple Future Tense structure SUB + V (shall/will) + Complement Manisha will wash her

Simple Future Tense structure SUB + V (shall/will) + Complement Manisha will wash her clothes. Naresh will write his assignment. • Question: – Will/Shall + Sub + V (infinitive) + Complement? – Will Naresh write his assignments? • Negative: – Sub + will/shall (not) + V (infinitive) + complement. – Naresh will not write his assignment.

Exercise • Fill in the blanks with the simple future tense of the verbs.

Exercise • Fill in the blanks with the simple future tense of the verbs. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. You _____ fat if you eat too many desserts. ( grow) We _______ to the zoo after breakfast. (go) I _____ my bath before dinner. (take) She _______ us how to play chess. (teach) They ______ busy tomorrow. (be) It ______ soon. (rain) Kanu ____ James this evening. (visit) He _______ his exams. ( pass) Dad _______ us to the movies next Sunday. Paresh _______ lots to do on his farm. (find)