Chapter 1 Review Black Death A fatal disease

Chapter 1 Review

Black Death A fatal disease that spread across Europe during the middle Ages, also known as the bubonic plague.

Renaissance A period in history in which people began to think about human nature, society, religion, science, art, and politics in new ways.

Feudalism The system of political organization during the Middle Ages in which the lord owned the land all others served him.

Hierarchy A social system in which status is ranked, and power is concentrated in the higher ranks.

Noble A lord of the manor.

Manor A piece of land, sometimes called a fief.

Freeman Peasants who rented land from the lord or worked for pay.

Serf Peasants who worked the land for the lord and were not allowed to leave the manor without the lord's permission.

Monastery Buildings and lands in which monks lived and carried out their religious duties.

Journeyman A person who has learned a trade and joined a guild.

Sumptuary Laws that controlled consumption or how people spent their money.

Tithe A portion of crops or percentage of earnings paid to the Church.

Monastic The way of life lived by monks and nuns, which involves spending time each day studying religious texts.

Allegiance Loyalty to the king.

Guilds Cooperative organizations that controlled the production of goods and trade.

Worldview A collection of beliefs about life and the universe held by an individual or a group-the overall perspective from which one sees and interprets the world.

Changes to Middle Ages Life: Black Death – population wages People begin to question the church and God Not happy with war/taxes. . unrest/revolts People begin to question loyalty to Nobles – leave the manor Nobles had to change, too. . rent their land or lose it

What am I? I’m Dirty I’m Crowded I’m Rat-infested I’m………. Town Life But, you still love me because to you I smell like: FREEDOM!!!

Say Bye-Bye! Feudal System Weakened…and on the way out, this created a new way up (for the peasants)!

Guilds They become the new thing for upwardly mobile (and skilled) peasants.

Peasants needed to adapt: this meant changing there behaviour: move to town and they had to work, gain a skill, open a business, use money, join a guild freedom, move up in society, marry who they please, no more Noble to guide(dictate) their lives

Still they are controlled: Sumptuary Laws…. like taxes to keep you from buying what you want. The middle ages version of a sales tax.

View of the Church in flux: Wealthier people used religion to interpret everything about their world. Religion was the center of their life. Their religion helped them understand the world around them. They looked at the afterlife, and donated money and property to the church, hoping that God would reward them with heaven. But later, they begin to question the church…should it still be functioning like the feudal system…gaining great wealth and possessing massive land holdings?