Chapter 1 Medical Terminology https www youtube comwatch

Chapter 1 Medical Terminology https: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=q 3986 Yfl 5 c. U&index=3&list=PL 13 E F 392 BF 308882 F

Vocabulary ▪ Root Word ▪ Symptom ▪ Suffix ▪ Syndrome ▪ Prefix ▪ Acute ▪ Combining form ▪ Chronic ▪ Eponym ▪ Acronym ▪ Sign

Word Parts ▪ 4 types of word parts – Root Word- contains the basic meaning of the term ▪ Body part ▪ Hepat – liver – Combining Form- a root word with a vowel on the end so that a suffix with a consonant can be added ▪ Hepat/o- liver ▪ “o” is the most commonly used combining vowel – Suffix- comes at the end of the word ▪ Usually but not always indicates procedure/condition/disorder/diseas e – Plasty- surgical repair – -itis- inflammation – Algia- pain/suffering – Prefix- comes at the beginning of the word ▪ Usually indicates location, number, or status – Pre- before – Peri- during – Post- after

Word Parts ▪ Word Part Rules 1. A root word can. NOT stand alone a) A suffix must be added 2. A vowel must be added to the root word when combining with a suffix that begins with a consonant 3. Prefix always goes before the root word

Word Parts ▪ Rules for Using Combining Form Vowels 1. A combining vowel is used when the suffix begins with the consonant 2. A combining vowel is not used when the suffix begins with a vowel 3. A combining vowel is used when two or more word roots are joined

Word Parts- Suffixes ▪ Noun endings- some suffixes change root words to nouns – ▪ “Pertaining to”- some suffixes change the root word to an adjective – ▪ Card/i- heart; cardiac (-ac changes the root word card/I to an adjective) Abnormal Condition- many suffixes mean abnormal condition – ▪ Cran/i- brain; cranium (-um changes the root word cran/I to a noun) Gastr/o- stomach; gastrosis (-osis makes the word mean abnormal condition of the stomach) Pathology- these suffixes describe disease conditions – – – – Gastr/o- stomach; gatralgia (-algia means pain; creating the word stomach pain) Gastr/o-stomach: gastrodynia (-dynia means pain; creating the word stomach pain) Gastr/o- stomach; gastritis (-it is means inflammation; creating the word stomach inflammation) Arteri/o- artery; arteriomalacia (-malacia means abnormal softening; creating the word meaning abnormal softening of the arteries Hepat/o- liver; hepatomegaly (-megaly means enlargement; creating the word enlargement of the liver) Arteri/o- artery; arterionecorsis (-necrosis means tissue death; creating the world meaning tissue death of an artery) Arteri/o- artery; arteriosclerosis (-sclerosis means hardening; creating the word meaning hardening of the artery) Arteri/o-artery; arteriostenosis (-stenosis means narrowing; creating the word meaning narrowing of the artery)

Word Parts- Suffixes ▪ Pathology- these suffixes describe disease conditions – Gastr/o- stomach; gatralgia (-algia means pain; creating the word stomach pain) – Gastr/o-stomach: gastrodynia (-dynia means pain; creating the word stomach pain) – Gastr/o- stomach; gastritis (-it is means inflammation; creating the word stomach inflammation) – Arteri/o- artery; arteriomalacia (-malacia means abnormal softening; creating the word meaning abnormal softening of the arteries – Hepat/o- liver; hepatomegaly (-megaly means enlargement; creating the word enlargement of the liver) – Arteri/o- artery; arterionecorsis (-necrosis means tissue death; creating the world meaning tissue death of an artery) – Arteri/o- artery; arteriosclerosis (-sclerosis means hardening; creating the word meaning hardening of the artery) – Arteri/o-artery; arteriostenosis (-stenosis means narrowing; creating the word meaning narrowing of the artery)

Word Parts- Suffixes ▪ Procedures- some suffixes identify the procedure being performed – – – Abdomin/o- abdominal; abdominocentesis (-centesis means removal of fluid) Angi/o- blood vessel; angiography (-graphy means the process of producing a picture) Angi/o- blood vessel; angiogram (-gram means picture or record) Myo- muscle; myoplasty (-plasty means surgical repair) Arthr/o- joint; arthroscopy (-scopy means visual examination) ▪ Double “R”- have two “Rs” in the suffix – Hem/o- blood; hemorrhage (-rrhage means bursting forth of blood; creating the word meaning the loss of a large amount of blood) – My/o- muscle; myorrhaphy (-rrhaphy means surgical suturing to close a wound; creating the word meaning suturing of a muscle) – Dia- through; diarrhea (-rrhea means flow/discharge; creating the word meaning the flow through the body) – My/o- muscle; myorrhexis (-rrhexis means rupture; creating the word meaning the rupture of muscle

Word Parts- Prefixes ▪ Added to the beginning of a word to influence the meaning of that term ▪ Location, time , number – – – – Natal- pertaining to birth; prenatal (pre- prior to; meaning prior to birth) Natal- pertaining to birth; perinatal (peri- time surrounding; time surrounding birth) Natal-pertaining to birth; postnatal (post- time after; time after birth) Ab- away from Ad- toward the direction of Dys- bad/painful Eu-normal Hyper- increased/excessive Hypo- decreased/deficient Inter-between Intra-inside Sub- under/below Super/supra- above/excessive

Word Parts ▪ You can determine the meaning of a word by just knowing the meaning of the root word 1. Separate the word in to parts prefix/root word/suffix 2. Start at the end of the word, with the suffix, and work backward to prefix 3. Identify the meaning of each part 4. Determine the context of the word if the word has multiple meanings 5. Double check in medical dictionary 6. Remember not all medical terms are made up of word parts

Word Part Practice ▪ Thoracentesis - -centesis (removal of fluid) - Thor/a (chest) - Removal of fluid from the chest ▪ Pericarditis - -itis (inflammation) - Cardi/o- heart - Peri- throughout - Inflammation throughout the heart ▪ Spleenomegaly - -megaly (enlargement) - Spleen/o (spleen) - Enlarged spleen ▪ Intraocular - Ocular- eye - Intra- inside - Inside the eye

Pronunciation/Spelling/Abbreviations It is important to pronounce medical terms correctly Often times there are more than one “correct” pronunciation for a term Accurately spelling the terms is imperative!!! Changing just one letter can change the meaning of the word Abbreviations are frequently used, however, they must be used correctly. Abbreviations can cause errors Each facility has a policy regarding acceptable abbreviations

Plueral Forms 1. Singular –a; pleural –ae 2. Singular –ex or –ix; pleural –ices 3. Singular –is; pleural –es 4. singular –it is; pleural drop –is and add –ide 5. Singular –nx; pleural –x or –ges 6. Singular –on; pleural –a 7. Singular –um; pleural –a 8. Singular –us; pleural -i

Look Alike/ Sound Alike ▪ Arterio/o; ather/o; arthr/o ▪ Ileum/Ilium ▪ -ectomy; -ostomy; -otomy ▪ Infection/Inflammation – Arteri/o- artery – Ather/o- plaque/fatty substance – Arthr/o- joint – Ectomy- surgical removal – -ostomy- surgical creating of an artificial opening – Otomy- cutting or surgical incision ▪ Fissure/Fistula – Fissure- a groove or crack-like sore in the skin – Fistula- an abnormal passage – Ileum- the last and longest portion of the small intestines – Ilium- part of the hip bone – Infection- invasion by pathogenic organism – Inflammation- localized response to injury or destruction of tissue ▪ Laceration/Lesion – Laceration- torn or jagged wound – Lesion- pathological change of tissue due to disease/injury ▪ Mucous/Mucus – Mucous- mucous membranes lining a cavity – Mucus- fluid secreted by a mucous membrane

Look Alike/ Sound Alike ▪ Myc/o; myel/o; my/o – Myc/o- fungus – Myel/o- bone marrow or spinal cord – My/o- muscle ▪ -ologist/-ology – Ologist- specialist – Ology- study of ▪ Palpation/palpitation – Palpation- examination technique using hand’s to feel texture, size, consistency, and location – Palpitation- pounding/racing heart ▪ Prostate/Prostrate – Prostate- male gland – Prostrate- collapse and be lying flat or to be overcome with exhaustion ▪ Pyel/o; pyr/o – Pyel/o- renal pelvis – Py/o- pus – Pyr/o- fever or fire ▪ Supination/Suppuration – Supination- rotating arm so that palm is upward/forward – Suppuration- formation or discharge of pus ▪ Triage/Trauma – Triage- medical screening of patient to determine priority of needs and place of treatment – Trauma- wound or injury ▪ Viral/Virile – Viral- pertaining to a virus – Virile- having the nature/properties/qualities of an adult male

Important Terms to Know ▪ Sign- objective evidence; it is measurable/evaluated; vital signs ▪ Symptom- subjective evidence; reported and can only be evaluated by the patient; pain/headache ▪ Syndrome- set of signs and symptoms that occur together with a specific disease; Migraines (headaches, nausea, vomiting, sensitivity to light, pupil changes) ▪ Diagnosis- identification of a disease ▪ Differential diagnosis- to rule out (R/O) by identifying several diseases that could be producing the signs and symptoms ▪ Prognosis- prediction of probable course/outcome

Important Terms to Know ▪ Acute- rapid onset; short duration ▪ Chronic- condition of long duration ▪ Remission- temporary/partial/complete disappearance of a symptoms of a disease ▪ Disease- condition in which one or more body parts are not functioning normally ▪ Eponym- disease, structure, operation, or procedure named for the person who discovered or described it first ▪ Acronym- word formed from the initial letter of the major parts of a compound term

DISCUSSION ▪ Read the discussion question # 1 and 2 on p. 20 in your medical terminology book ▪ Briefly jot down your response and be prepared to discuss in class.

Assignment ▪ Chapter 1 Worksheet p. 1 - 6 – – – – – Matching Word Parts 1 Matching Word Parts 2 Matching Word Parts 3 Matching Word Parts 4 Matching Terms and Definitions 1 Matching Terms and Definitions 2 Which Word? Spelling Counts Matching Terms Term Selection – – – True/False Word Surgery Clinical Conditions Which is the Correct Medical Term Challenge Word Building – YOU ARE SKIPPING DEFINITIONS; SENTENCE COMPLETION;

Assignment ▪ Chapter 1 Study. Ware Quiz – You can take it up to 3 times and I will accept the highest score – You must show your score to me before logging out!