Chapter 1 Lesson 1 2 erythro gnos glyco

Chapter 1 Lesson 1. 2 erythr/o gnos/ glyc/o gynec/o hepat/o onc/o psych/o iatr/o ophthalm/o radi/o leuk/o oste/o ren/o nephr/o path/o rhin/o neur/o ped/o sarc/o Journal question: How can you use word components to relate medical terms to the structure and function of the human body? Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 1

Objectives in Studying The Medical Language Analyze words by dividing them into component parts. Relate the medical terms to the structure and function of the human body. Be aware of spelling and pronunciation problems. Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 2

QUICK QUIZ: 4. Term that means study of cells: A. cystoscopy B. cystitis C. cytology D. hematology Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 3

QUICK QUIZ: 4. Term that means study of cells: A. cystoscopy B. cystitis C. cytology D. hematology Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 4

Combining Forms Combining Form Meaning erythr/o _____ gastr/o _____ gnos/o _____ glyc/o _____ gynec/o _____ hemat/o or hem/o _____ Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 5

Combining Forms (cont’d) Combining Form Meaning erythr/o red gastr/o stomach gnos/o knowledge glyc/o sugar gynec/o woman, female hemat/o or hem/o blood Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 6

Combining Forms (cont’d) Combining Form Meaning hepat/o _____ iatr/o _____ leuk/o _____ log/o _____ nephr/o _____ neur/o _____ Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 7

Combining Forms (cont’d) Combining Form Meaning hepat/o liver iatr/o treatment, physician leuk/o white log/o study of nephr/o kidney neur/o nerve Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 8

Combining Forms (cont’d) Combining Form Meaning onc/o _____ ophthalm/o _____ oste/o _____ path/o _____ ped/o _____ Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 9

Combining Forms (cont’d) Combining Form Meaning onc/o tumor ophthalm/o eye oste/o bone path/o disease ped/o child Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 10

Combining Forms (cont’d) Combining Form Meaning psych/o _____ radi/o _____ ren/o _____ rhin/o _____ sarc/o _____ Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 11

Combining Forms (cont’d) Combining Form Meaning psych/o mind radi/o x-rays ren/o kidney rhin/o nose sarc/o flesh Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 12

Combining Forms (cont’d) Combining Form Meaning sect/o _____ thromb/o _____ ur/o _____ Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 13

Combining Forms (cont’d) Combining Form Meaning sect/o to cut thromb/o clot, clotting ur/o urinary tract, urine Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 14

Suffixes Combining Form Meaning -ac _________ -algia _____ -cyte _____ -ectomy _____ Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 15

Suffixes (cont’d) Combining Form Meaning -ac pertaining to -algia pain -cyte cell -ectomy excision, removal Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 16

QUICK QUIZ: 5. Which suffix means to “cut out” or remove? A. -ectomy B. -scopy C. -itis D. -opsy Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 17

QUICK QUIZ: 5. Which suffix means to “cut out” or remove? A. -ectomy B. -scopy C. -itis D. -opsy Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 18

Suffixes Combining Form Meaning -emia _____ -genic _____ -globin _____ -gram _____ -ic, ical _____ Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 19

Suffixes (cont’d) Combining Form Meaning -emia blood condition -genic produced by or in -globin protein -gram record -ic, ical pertaining to Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 20

Suffixes (cont’d) Combining Form Meaning -ion _____ -ist _____ -itis _____ -logy _____ -oma _____ Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 21

Suffixes (cont’d) Combining Form Meaning -ion process -ist specialist -itis inflammation -logy process of study -oma tumor, mass, swelling Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 22

Suffixes (cont’d) Combining Form Meaning -opsy _____ -osis _____ -pathy _____ -scope _____ -scopy _____ Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 23

Suffixes (cont’d) Combining Form. Meaning -opsy process of viewing -osis condition, usually abnormal -pathy disease condition -scope instrument to visually examine -scopy process of visually examining (with an endoscope) Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 24

Suffixes (cont’d) Combining Form Meaning -sis _____ -tomy _____ -y _____ Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 25

Suffixes (cont’d) Combining Form Meaning -sis state of; condition -tomy process of cutting -y process, condition Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 26

Prefixes Combining Form Meaning a-, an- _____ aut-, auto _____ dia- _____ end-, endo- _____ epi- _____ ex- _____ Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 27

Prefixes (cont’d) Combining Form Meaning a-, an- no, not, without aut-, auto self, own dia- through, complete end-, endo- within epi- above, upon ex- out Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 28

Prefixes (cont’d) Combining Form Meaning exo- _____ hyper- _____ hypo- _____ in- _____ peri- _____ pro- _____ Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 29

Prefixes (cont’d) Combining Form Meaning exo- outside of, outward hyper- excessive, above, more hypo- deficient, below, under, less in- into, in peri- surrounding, around pro- before, forward Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 30

Prefixes (cont’d) Combining Form Meaning re- _____ retro- _____ sub- _____ trans- _____ Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 31

Prefixes (cont’d) Combining Form Meaning re- back, backward, again retro- behind sub- below, under trans- across, through Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 32

Pronunciation of Terms When ¯ is above a vowel, the sound is long. For example: ā as in āpe ō as in ōpen When ˘ is above a vowel, the sound is short. For example: ă as in ăpple ŏ as in pŏt The capitalized syllable is accented. Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 33

Pronunciation of Terms (cont’d) Examples: adenitis ăd-ĕ-Nī-tĭs biology bī-OL-ō-jē cephalic se-FĂL-ik iatrogenic i-ăt-rō-JEN-ik resection rē-SEK-shŭn Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 34