Chapter 1 History of Hospitality Hospitality is one

Chapter 1 History of Hospitality ü Hospitality is one of the oldest businesses. ü First records of travel are recorded on cave walls about 6000 years ago. ü Money and the wheel had just been invented. ü These inventions made it easier to travel and conduct business. Chapter 1 : History of Hospitality 1

Early History • The hospitality business probably began with the Sumerians. • In 4000 B. C. the Sumerians lived near the Persian Gulf and grew grains that they turned into alcoholic beverages • They built taverns and served beer ----these taverns were some of the first hospitality businesses Chapter 1 : History of Hospitality 2

Early History (cont’) • Early traders traveled from region to trade their spices, gold, and other exotic goods. • They needed places to sleep and eat while traveling. • People built inns and taverns along the trade routes. • These inns and taverns served tired, hungry, and thirsty travelers. Chapter 1 : History of Hospitality 3

Egypt, Greece, and the Roman Empire 3 countries played an important role in the early days of the hospitality business Ø Ancient Egypt began the tourism trade Ø About 2700 B. C. the pharaohs built the pyramids Ø The beauty and majesty attracted visitors Ø They needed places to eat and sleep Chapter 1 : History of Hospitality 4

Greece ØAncient Greece had a role in the hospitality business. Ø 2 important contributions Ø 1. the Greek language became the universally accepted language of international trade Ø 2. Greek money became the standard of exchange Chapter 1 : History of Hospitality 5

Greeks defeated the Romans • In 146 B. C. the Greeks defeated the Romans • They developed roads throughout their empire • This road system made travel easier and quicker Chapter 1 : History of Hospitality 6

After fall of the Roman Empire: • • There were many wars and invasions. Travel became dangerous. Travel and tourism came to a stop. During the Middle Ages, the churches offered food and a place for travellers to rest. • The Renaissance followed and there was a rebirth of travel. • Taverns and inns were once again open Chapter 1 : History of Hospitality 7

Development in the United States • The US. has made great contributions to the hospitality business. • Grand hotels, motels, restaurant chains, fast-food businesses, and franchises all originated in the U. S. • As each new mode of transportation developed, hospitality businesses opened up along the route or at the stations. Chapter 1 : History of Hospitality 8

Inns for Stage Coach Travellers • In the 1600 s, stagecoach routes were established in the U. S. • Inns soon were built along the routes • Travelers ate and slept at these inns • Stages usually arrived at set times. The innkeeper would have everything prepared when passengers arrived. • The innkeeper tried very hard to take care the travelers needs. Chapter 1 : History of Hospitality 9

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Grand Hotels for Railroad travelers • During the 1800 s railroad travel developed and spread. • This was much more comfortable than stagecoach travel. • It also decreased the length of travel time. • A 110 mile trip would take 11 hours by stage coach; only took 2 ½ hours by train. • Inns, saloons, and restaurants were built close to the railway stations. Chapter 1 : History of Hospitality 11

Tremont House Hotel in Boston • During the railroad boom-the first grand hotel was built in America. • Grand hotel offered luxury accommodations • The Tremont House in Boston was built in 1828. • A hotelier was the manager or owner of a hotel. Chapter 1 : History of Hospitality 12

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Ø The Tremont was 4 stories tall. Ø Elevators had not been invented. Ø This caused problems for the guests. Ø Tremont’s hotelier created a new position: bellhop Ø When he heard a bell ring, he had to hop to it to help guests. Ø His job was to carry heavy luggage upstairs. Chapter 1 : History of Hospitality 18

Luxury Hotels in Europe • Cesar Ritz was raising the standard of luxury hotels in Europe. • The Savoy in London, England had high standards of excellence and luxury • The Ritz in Paris, France was the 1 st to have a private bath, built in closets, and telephones Chapter 1 : History of Hospitality 19

Back in the United States • Back in the U. S. , hotel industry pioneers were developing the hotel chain. • In the early 1900 s Ellsworth Statler developed his chain of Statler hotels. His rooms had telephones in each room, full-size closets, modern plumbing, radios, and free morning papers. Chapter 1 : History of Hospitality 20

Motels for Automobile Travellers • A motel combines basic hotel services with the convenience for the automobile traveller. • Early days was called a tourist court or motor court. • It was located near a highway. • Parking was free and usually located right outside the door. • Had to carry in your own luggage Chapter 1 : History of Hospitality 21

Holiday Inn developed by Kemmons Wilson • Mr. Wilson was disappointed by the accommodations he found on a trip to Washington, D. C. • He could either stay at an expensive downtown hotel or at a small motor court that charged extra for his children and was often not air conditioned, small, and often dirty. • He decided to develop his own chain that would meet the needs of a family. • This was the beginning of the Holiday Inn Chapter 1 : History of Hospitality 22