CHAPTER 1 Food Affects Life Images shutterstock com

Objectives • Explain how the search for food led to the development of civilization.

The History of Food • Early people formed tribes to hunt together • Farming

The History of Food • People searched for food in distant places • Explorers

Think Further What foods do you eat that came from other countries? © Kongsak/Shutterstock

Making Choices About Foods • You can use the following steps of the decision-making

Making Choices About Foods 4. Determine which alternatives are acceptable 5. Choose one alternative

Think Further What is an example of a decision you might make about food?

Food Meets Physical Needs • Food is needed to – maintain vital functions –

Food Meets Physical Needs • Food relieves hunger • A hunger signal stimulates your

Food Meets Physical Needs • Food improves overall wellness, which includes – physical health—your

Cultural Influences on Food Choices • One factor that affects food habits is culture

Cultural Influences on Food Choices • National origin – U. S. immigrants often settled

Think Further What are examples of food customs based on national origin, religion, or

Social Influences on Food Choices • For many people, preparing and eating food are

Family • Food choices are often a reflection of family values and customs •

Friends • You may feel peer pressure to eat the same foods your friends

Mass Media • Mass media can affect food choices by – advertising products –

Food Product Trends 1. Health – A consumer concern for health has fueled the

Food Product Trends 3. Great taste – Consumers are not willing to give up

In Your Opinion… How are your food choices affected by – family? – friends?

Psychological Influences on Food Choices • The way you think and feel about foods

In Your Opinion… What are some of your pleasant and unpleasant memories involving foods?

Factors That Affect the Food Supply • Many factors affect the supply of foods

Agriculture and the Environment • Successful agriculture requires a suitable environment to produce crops

Government • Laws govern the way foods are grown, processed, packaged, and labeled •

Economics • The law of supply and demand affects food supply – Producers will

Technology • Researchers are using technology to affect food’s – nutrient content – availability

Review 1. How did the search for food lead to the development of civilization?

Review 2. What are the steps of the decision-making process? 1. Identify the problem

Review 3. What are two ways food meets physical needs? food relieves hunger and

Review 5. What are five factors that affect the food supply? agriculture, environment, government,

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CHAPTER 1 Food Affects Life Images shutterstock. com

Objectives • Explain how the search for food led to the development of civilization. • Use the steps of the decision-making process to make food choices. • Describe how food relieves hunger and improves wellness. • Outline cultural, social, and psychological influences on food choices. • List factors that affect the food supply. © Goodheart-Willcox Co. , Inc. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.

The History of Food • Early people formed tribes to hunt together • Farming and herding evolved and the food supply became more dependable • As food became more available, people were able to dedicate time to other activities • Basic trading began, and with it came the development of civilization continued © Goodheart-Willcox Co. , Inc. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.

The History of Food • People searched for food in distant places • Explorers introduced foods in new lands and brought back foods from other lands • Foods that were native to one place are now found in many places © Laborant/Shutterstock © Goodheart-Willcox Co. , Inc. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.

Think Further What foods do you eat that came from other countries? © Kongsak/Shutterstock © tacar/Shutterstock © Goodheart-Willcox Co. , Inc. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.

Making Choices About Foods • You can use the following steps of the decision-making process to make choices about foods, activities, or any other topics: 1. Identify the problem or decision 2. Consider your alternatives 3. Think about how your alternatives relate to your goals continued © Goodheart-Willcox Co. , Inc. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.

Making Choices About Foods 4. Determine which alternatives are acceptable 5. Choose one alternative 6. Evaluate your decision © Aleksandr Markin/Shutterstock © Goodheart-Willcox Co. , Inc. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.

Think Further What is an example of a decision you might make about food? © Stephen Coburn/Shutterstock © Goodheart-Willcox Co. , Inc. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.

Food Meets Physical Needs • Food is needed to – maintain vital functions – provide energy for muscle movement – build and repair tissues continued © Goodheart-Willcox Co. , Inc. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.

Food Meets Physical Needs • Food relieves hunger • A hunger signal stimulates your stomach to produce hunger pangs • Appetite influences what foods you choose to ease your hunger continued © Goodheart-Willcox Co. , Inc. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.

Food Meets Physical Needs • Food improves overall wellness, which includes – physical health—your body – mental health—your mind – social health—relationships with other people • One sign of overall wellness is an ability to handle stress © Goodheart-Willcox Co. , Inc. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.

Cultural Influences on Food Choices • One factor that affects food habits is culture • Each culture that is part of U. S. society contributes unique customs and beliefs to the nation © Joe Gough/Shutterstock © Goodheart-Willcox Co. , Inc. continued Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.

Cultural Influences on Food Choices • National origin – U. S. immigrants often settled together based on nationality, resulting in regional specialties • Religion – Certain food customs determine what and how people should eat – Fasting has long been a religious custom • Holidays – Holiday celebrations abound with food traditions © Goodheart-Willcox Co. , Inc. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.

Think Further What are examples of food customs based on national origin, religion, or holidays? © Timothy R. Nichols/Shutterstock © Goodheart-Willcox Co. , Inc. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.

Social Influences on Food Choices • For many people, preparing and eating food are social activities © Elena Elisseeva/Shutterstock © Goodheart-Willcox Co. , Inc. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.

Family • Food choices are often a reflection of family values and customs • Many food habits are formed around family customs • Busy lifestyles limit the amount of time family members have to share meals © Goodheart-Willcox Co. , Inc. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.

Friends • You may feel peer pressure to eat the same foods your friends are eating • Friends may also encourage you to try new foods and preparation techniques © Jaimie Duplass/Shutterstock © Goodheart-Willcox Co. , Inc. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.

Mass Media • Mass media can affect food choices by – advertising products – reporting health and nutrition information – fostering food fallacies and fads © Goodheart-Willcox Co. , Inc. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.

Food Product Trends 1. Health – A consumer concern for health has fueled the trend for functional foods 2. Convenience – Since consumers do not have a lot of time for food preparation, convenience is a key to the success of new food products continued © Goodheart-Willcox Co. , Inc. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.

Food Product Trends 3. Great taste – Consumers are not willing to give up taste for health or convenience – Food manufacturers are constantly introducing new and improved flavors of foods © Goodheart-Willcox Co. , Inc. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.

In Your Opinion… How are your food choices affected by – family? – friends? – mass media? – food product trends? © Monkey Business Images/Shutterstock © Goodheart-Willcox Co. , Inc. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.

Psychological Influences on Food Choices • The way you think and feel about foods will influence what foods you choose • Odors as well as events create memories that affect food choices • Psychology affects why you eat as well as what you eat • Psychology even plays a role in food preparation © Goodheart-Willcox Co. , Inc. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.

In Your Opinion… What are some of your pleasant and unpleasant memories involving foods? © Jaimie Duplass/Shutterstock © Goodheart-Willcox Co. , Inc. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.

Factors That Affect the Food Supply • Many factors affect the supply of foods available when you go to the store © Hannamariah /Shutterstock © Goodheart-Willcox Co. , Inc. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.

Agriculture and the Environment • Successful agriculture requires a suitable environment to produce crops and livestock for food • Practicing sustainability in all areas of society will help ensure a productive food supply © Goodheart-Willcox Co. , Inc. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.

Government • Laws govern the way foods are grown, processed, packaged, and labeled • The food supply in the United States is overseen primarily by – the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) – the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) © Goodheart-Willcox Co. , Inc. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.

Economics • The law of supply and demand affects food supply – Producers will provide products as long as consumers are willing to pay for them • Consumer demand for some food products affects much more than local stores • Economics plays a role in the complex problem of world hunger © Goodheart-Willcox Co. , Inc. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.

Technology • Researchers are using technology to affect food’s – nutrient content – availability – safety © branislavpudar/Shutterstock © Goodheart-Willcox Co. , Inc. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.

Review 1. How did the search for food lead to the development of civilization? Early people formed tribes to hunt for food together. Farming and herding evolved, creating a more reliable food supply. As food became easier to obtain, people were able to learn other trades, which allowed for civilization to develop. © Goodheart-Willcox Co. , Inc. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.

Review 2. What are the steps of the decision-making process? 1. Identify the problem or decision 2. Consider your alternatives 3. Think about how your alternatives relate to your goals 4. Determine which alternatives are acceptable 5. Choose one alternative 6. Evaluate your decision © Goodheart-Willcox Co. , Inc. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.

Review 3. What are two ways food meets physical needs? food relieves hunger and improves wellness 4. What are three social influences on food choices? (List three: ) family, friends, mass media, food product trends © Goodheart-Willcox Co. , Inc. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.

Review 5. What are five factors that affect the food supply? agriculture, environment, government, economics, technology © Goodheart-Willcox Co. , Inc. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.