Chapter 1 A View of Life Ch 1

Chapter 1 A View of Life Ch. 1 - The Study of Life

Ch. 1 – A View of Life 1. 4 – The Process of Science is… explanations of the natural world obtained through…………………. . experimentation and observation It is objective It is not subjective Provable, Factual, Unbiased, The same from multiple sources “I am 6’ 1” tall” “I am tall” Belief, Opinion, Judgment, Different from source to source

Ch. 1 – A View of Life 1. 4 – The Process of Science Scientific Method – based on inductive reasoning Ask a Question Form a hypothesis Collect the Data Analyze the data Report Conclusions Drawing general conclusions based on specific observable patterns -The dogs I have seen have fur -I have never seen a lizard with fur Therefore Dogs are not lizards

Ch. 1 – A View of Life 1. 4 – The Process of Science Scientific Method – based on inductive reasoning Deductive reasoning Applying general theories to specific examples All living things are composed of cells Therefore Whatever this sample came from must be a living thing

Ch. 1 – A View of Life 1. 4 – The Process of Science Scientific Method – based on inductive reasoning The sum of the angles of a triangle = 180 o Therefore If the sum of two of the angles of a given triangle = 130 o then the 3 rd must be 50 o Deductive arguments are either right or wrong Inductive arguments are either strong or weak I can move on my own and my cat can move on his own. My cat and I are both alive Therefore All living things have the ability to move on their own.

Ch. 1 – A View of Life 1. 4 – The Process of Science Scientific Method Collect the data A controlled experiment contains two groups Control Group Experimental Group -Tested -Not tested -Contains the… -Used as a comparison Dependent Variable What is measured & Independent Variable What is changed Every good experiment has 1 independent variable

Ch. 1 – A View of Life Scientific Method Dependent Variable Collect the data Independent Variable 1. 4 – The Process of Science

Ch. 1 – A View of Life 1. 4 – The Process of Science Metric measurement Kilo. Hecta- Deca- BASE Deci- Centi- Milli-1 -3 2 3 -2 x 10 x 10 Micro (µ) – one millionth - x 10 -6 o. C g m m 2 m 3 l o. C = (5/9)*(o. F -32) temperature mass 1 kg = 2. 2 lbs length 1 in = 2. 54 cm & 1 mi = 1. 6 km area volume (solid) volume (liquid) 1 l = 1. 06 quarts 1 cm 3 = 1 ml

Ch. 1 – A View of Life 1. 4 – The Process of Science Metric measurement Kilo. Hecta- Deca- BASE Deci- Centi- Milli-1 -3 2 3 -2 x 10 x 10 Micro (µ) – one millionth - x 10 -6 Which is Greater? 1. 10 m. L or. 1 L = 100 ml 2. 10 km or 6 mi 6 mi = 9. 6 km 3. 6. 2 x 10 -5 kg or 1. 8 x 103 g. 062 g 1800 g 4. 16 OC or 55 OF = 12. 7 OC 5. 8 lbs or or 1000 g 8 lbs = 3. 6 kg = 3600 g 6. (in area) 5 cm x 12 cm square 60 cm 2 Or. 1 m x. 04 m square 40 cm 2

Ch. 1 – A View of Life 1. 4 – The Process of Science Scientific Method Analyze the data Because the scientific process is based upon inductive reasoning, studies must be repeated many times in order to accept or reject hypotheses. Scientific Theories • A scientific theory summarizes a hypothesis (or group of hypotheses) that have been supported with repeated testing. • They explain natural phenomena Scientific Law • Describes (does not explain) natural phenomena

Ch. 1 – A View of Life 1. 1 – How to Define Life The Characteristics of Life Made of one or more cells Displays Organization Grows and Develops Reproduces Responds to Stimuli Requires Energy Maintains Homeostasis Adaptations Evolve Over Time

Ch. 1 – A View of Life 1. 1 – How to Define Life The Characteristics of Life Made of one or more cells Displays Organization Grows and Develops Reproduces Responds to Stimuli Requires Energy Maintains Homeostasis Adaptations Evolve Over Time

Ch. 1 – A View of Life 1. 1 – How to Define Life The Characteristics of Life Made of one or more cells The Cell Theory (Proposed in 1863 by Theodor Schwann and Matthias Schleiden) 1. All known living things are composed of cells 2. The cell is the structural and functional unit of all living things 3. All cells come from preexisting cells

Ch. 1 – A View of Life 1. 1 – How to Define Life The Characteristics of Life Displays Organization Atoms Carbon Levels of Organization Molecules Amino Acids Macromolecules Protein Cells Neuron Tissues Gray matter Organs Brain Organ Systems Nervous System Multicellular Organisms You

Ch. 1 – A View of Life 1. 1 – How to Define Life The Characteristics of Life Grows and Develops 1 day 12 days 3 days 20 days 7 days

Ch. 1 – A View of Life 1. 1 – How to Define Life The Characteristics of Life Reproduces Reproduction is not essential to the individual but is critical for the species Asexual Reproduction “Cloning” Two identical organisms are created from one. Sexual Reproduction One unique organism is created from two. Ensures genetic diversity.

Ch. 1 – A View of Life 1. 1 – How to Define Life The Characteristics of Life Responds to Stimuli

Ch. 1 – A View of Life 1. 1 – How to Define Life The Characteristics of Life Maintains Homeostasis Regulation of an organisms internal conditions

Ch. 1 – A View of Life 1. 1 – How to Define Life The Characteristics of Life Adaptations Evolve Over Time Alive or Not? ? (See Handout)