Chap 8 Adolescents Young Adults and Adults Anita

Chap 8: Adolescents, Young Adults, and Adults • Anita Sego • Spring, 2005

Chap 8: Adolescents Chapter Objectives • Explain why it is important for community health workers to be aware of the different health concerns of the various age groups in the United States. • Define by age the groups of adolescents and young adults, and adults. • Briefly describe key demographic characteristics of adolescents and young adults.

Chap 8: Adolescents Chapter Objectives • Explain what the Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System (YRBSS), the National College Health Risk Behavior Survey (NCHRBS), and the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) are and what type of data they generate. • Provide a brief behavioral risk profile for adolescents, college students, and adults.

Chap 8: Adolescents Chapter Objectives • Outline the health profiles for the various age groups-adolescents and young adults, and adults-listing major causes of mortality, morbidity, and risk factors for each group. • Give examples of community health strategies for improving the health status of adolescents and young adults, and adults.

Chap 8: Adolescents Introduction • Understanding age group Health Risks and Problems – Detect risks for specific target populations – Propose specific reduction programs

Chap 8: Adolescents and Young Adults • Fall into the 15 - to 24 -year-old range • Baby Echo – offspring of the baby boom generation • Critical time period – faces physical, emotional, and educational changes

Chap 8: Adolescents Demography • The Number of Adolescents and Young Adults • Living Arrangements • Employment Status

Chap 8: Adolescents Young Adult Population

Chap 8: Adolescents Employment Status • Proportion of overall labor force has remained constant since 1980’s • Unemployment rates vary significantly by race and ethnicity • Access to health care affected by employment status

Chap 8: Adolescents Health Profile Adolescents and Young Adults • Mortality – Medical advances have reduced death rate dramatically – Physical threat comes primarily from behavioral activities • Causes – – Motor vehicle crashes Other unintentional injuries Homicides Suicides

Chap 8: Adolescents Major causes of mortality (15 - 24)

Chap 8: Adolescents Teen Suicide Rates (YRBS, 1999)

Chap 8: Adolescents Health Profile Adolescents and Young Adults • Morbidity – Measles – Sexually Transmitted Diseases

Chap 8: Adolescents Causes of Morbidity • Communicable diseases – measles – sexually transmitted diseases

Chap 8: Adolescents Health Behaviors and Lifestyle Choices of High School Students • Behaviors that contribute to Unintentional Injury • Behaviors that contribute to Intentional Injury • Tobacco Use • Increased use of smokeless tobacco among teenage males • Alcohol and Other Drugs • Sexual Behavior

Chap 8: Adolescents Health Behaviors and Lifestyle Choices of College Students • Behaviors that contribute to Unintentional Injuries • Behaviors that contribute to Intentional Injuries • Tobacco Use • Alcohol and Other Drugs • Sexual Behavior

Chap 8: Adolescents Percentage of High School Students Who Reported Sexual Risk Behaviors

Chap 8: Adolescents Strategies for Improving the Health of Adolescents and Young Adults • Community Based – Involving stakeholders • Comprehensive • Collaborative • Multifaceted

Chap 8: Adolescents Health Profile Adults • 25 to 64 years old • Represents about half the U. S. Population

Chap 8: Adolescents Health Profile Adults • Mortality – Overall death rate improving • Improved health behavior and lifestyles – Cancer – Cardiovascular Disease – Chronic Disease

Chap 8: Adolescents Death Rates (24 - 44 yr. ; per 100, 000 pop)

Chap 8: Adolescents Death Rates (45 - 64 yr. ; per 100, 000 pop)

Chap 8: Adolescents Health Profile Adults • Health Behaviors and Lifestyle Choices – Smoking • Responsible for one in every six deaths – Lack of Exercise – Alcohol Consumption – Weight

Chap 8: Adolescents Risk Factors for Chronic Disease • Smoking • Lack of exercise • Alcohol consumption • Body weight

Chap 8: Adolescents Risk Factors for Personal Injury • Safety belt use • Drinking and driving

Chap 8: Adolescents Awareness and Screening • Hypertension • Diabetes • Cholesterol

Chap 8: Adolescents Strategies for Improving the Health of Adults • Primary Prevention programs – Exercise – Nutrition • Secondary Prevention – Clinical Screening • Tertiary Prevention – Medication Compliance

Chap 8: Adolescents Chapter 8 Adolescents, Young Adults, and Adults