Chain of Infection HS 1 Chain of Infection

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Chain of Infection HS 1

Chain of Infection HS 1

Chain of Infection

Chain of Infection

For disease to occur and spread from one person to another, certain conditions must

For disease to occur and spread from one person to another, certain conditions must be met. These are called the chain of infection.

Chain of Infection • Transmission of infections occurs when the agent leaves its reservoir

Chain of Infection • Transmission of infections occurs when the agent leaves its reservoir or host through a portal of exit, is conveyed by some mode of transmission, and enters through an appropriate portal of entry to infect a susceptible host.

Causative Agent • A pathogen that can cause disease • Example: bacteria or virus

Causative Agent • A pathogen that can cause disease • Example: bacteria or virus

Reservoir • Area where the causative agent can live • Example: human body, animals,

Reservoir • Area where the causative agent can live • Example: human body, animals, environment • Fomites-objects contaminated with infections material that contains pathogens • Example: doorknobs, bedpans, urinals, linens, & instruments

Portal of Exit • A way for the causative agent to escape from the

Portal of Exit • A way for the causative agent to escape from the reservoir in which it has been growing. • Example: Urine, feces, saliva, blood, tears, mucous discharge, sexual secretions, & draining wound

Mode of Transmission • A way that the causative agent can be transmitted to

Mode of Transmission • A way that the causative agent can be transmitted to another reservoir or host where it can live. • Can be through direct or indirect contact

Mode of Transmission • Direct contact: person-to-person contact (physical or sexual) • Example-contaminated hands

Mode of Transmission • Direct contact: person-to-person contact (physical or sexual) • Example-contaminated hands

Mode of Transmission • Indirect contact: pathogen is transmitted from contaminated substance (food, air,

Mode of Transmission • Indirect contact: pathogen is transmitted from contaminated substance (food, air, soil, insects, feces, clothing, instruments, & equipment) • Example-touching contaminated equipment & spreading the pathogen on the hands, breathing in droplets carrying airborne infections, & contacting vectors (insects, rodents, or small animals), such as being bitten by an insect carrying a pathogen

Portal of Entry • A way for the causative agent to enter a new

Portal of Entry • A way for the causative agent to enter a new reservoir or host • Example: breaks in the skin or mucous membrane; respiratory, digestive, genitourinary, and circulatory system

Susceptible Host • A person likely to get an infection or disease, usually because

Susceptible Host • A person likely to get an infection or disease, usually because body defenses are weak

Break the Chain! • If any part of the chain is eliminated, the spread

Break the Chain! • If any part of the chain is eliminated, the spread of disease or infection will be stopped

Do You Know? • In the chain of infection, an instrument contaminated with blood

Do You Know? • In the chain of infection, an instrument contaminated with blood acts as a ______? A) causative agent B) reservoir C) portal of exit D) Portal of entry Answer is……

Do You Know? • In the chain of infection, a pathogen leaving the body

Do You Know? • In the chain of infection, a pathogen leaving the body is an example of _____? A) portal of exit B) reservoir C) mode of transmission D) causative agent And the answer is…. .