Ch 9 2 Domains and Kingdoms KEY CONCEPT

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Ch 9. 2 Domains and Kingdoms KEY CONCEPT The current tree of life has

Ch 9. 2 Domains and Kingdoms KEY CONCEPT The current tree of life has three domains.

Classification is always a work in progress. • The tree of life shows our

Classification is always a work in progress. • The tree of life shows our most current understanding. • New discoveries can lead to changes in classification. – Until 1866: only two kingdoms, Plantae Animalia and Plantae Animalia

Classification is always a work in progress. • The tree of life shows our

Classification is always a work in progress. • The tree of life shows our most current understanding. • New discoveries can lead to changes in classification. – Until 1866: only two kingdoms, Plantae Animalia and Plantae Animalia – 1866: all single-celled Protista organisms moved to kingdom Protista

Classification is always a work in progress. • The tree of life shows our

Classification is always a work in progress. • The tree of life shows our most current understanding. • New discoveries can lead to changes in classification. – Until 1866: only two kingdoms, Plantae Animalia and Plantae Animalia – 1866: all single-celled Protista organisms moved to kingdom Protista – 1938: prokaryotes moved to kingdom Monera

Classification is always a work in progress. • The tree of life shows our

Classification is always a work in progress. • The tree of life shows our most current understanding. • New discoveries can lead to changes in classification. – Until 1866: only two kingdoms, Plantae Animalia and Plantae Animalia – 1866: all single-celled Protista organisms moved to kingdom Protista – 1938: prokaryotes moved to kingdom Monera – 1959: fungi moved to own kingdom Monera Fungi

Classification is always a work in progress. • The tree of life shows our

Classification is always a work in progress. • The tree of life shows our most current understanding. • New discoveries can lead to changes in classification. – Until 1866: only two kingdoms, Plantae Animalia and Plantae Animalia – 1866: all single-celled Protista organisms moved to kingdom Protista – 1938: prokaryotes moved to kingdom Monera – 1959: fungi moved to own kingdom Archea Fungi Bacteria – 1977: kingdom Monera split into kingdoms Bacteria and Archaea

The three domains in the tree of life are Bacteria (Eubacteria), Archaea (Archaebacteria), and

The three domains in the tree of life are Bacteria (Eubacteria), Archaea (Archaebacteria), and Eukarya. • Domains are above the kingdom level.

• Domain Bacteria includes prokaryotes in the kingdom Bacteria. – Single-celled organisms, no

• Domain Bacteria includes prokaryotes in the kingdom Bacteria. – Single-celled organisms, no nucleus or membrane bound organelles. – one of largest groups on Earth – classified by shape, need for oxygen, and diseases caused

• Domain Archaea includes prokaryotes in the kingdom Archaea. – cell walls chemically

• Domain Archaea includes prokaryotes in the kingdom Archaea. – cell walls chemically different from bacteria – differences discovered by studying RNA – known for living in extreme environments

Eukaryotes – multi cellular, larger than single cell organisms, nucleus enclosed in a membrane.

Eukaryotes – multi cellular, larger than single cell organisms, nucleus enclosed in a membrane. Most organisms you see with your naked eye.

• Domain Eukarya includes all eukaryotes. – kingdom Protista Kingdom Batista

• Domain Eukarya includes all eukaryotes. – kingdom Protista Kingdom Batista

• Domain Eukarya includes all eukaryotes. – kingdom Protista – kingdom Plantae

• Domain Eukarya includes all eukaryotes. – kingdom Protista – kingdom Plantae

• Domain Eukarya includes all eukaryotes. – kingdom Protista – kingdom Plantae –

• Domain Eukarya includes all eukaryotes. – kingdom Protista – kingdom Plantae – kingdom Fungi

• Domain Eukarya includes all eukaryotes. – – kingdom Protista kingdom Plantae kingdom

• Domain Eukarya includes all eukaryotes. – – kingdom Protista kingdom Plantae kingdom Fungi kingdom Animalia

• Bacteria and archaea can be difficult to classify. – transfer genes among

• Bacteria and archaea can be difficult to classify. – transfer genes among themselves outside of reproduction bridge to transfer DNA – blurs the line between “species” – more research needed to understand prokaryotes