Ch 6 1 Notes Covalent Bonds Review of
![Ch. 6. 1 Notes Covalent Bonds Ch. 6. 1 Notes Covalent Bonds](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/b99650c93e720740000ea002681bd1f4/image-1.jpg)
Ch. 6. 1 Notes Covalent Bonds
![Review of Ionic Bonds • How are ionic bonds formed? • What causes the Review of Ionic Bonds • How are ionic bonds formed? • What causes the](http://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/b99650c93e720740000ea002681bd1f4/image-2.jpg)
Review of Ionic Bonds • How are ionic bonds formed? • What causes the attraction between an ionic compound’s elements?
![Covalent Compounds • We’ll learn… • • How they form How to draw How Covalent Compounds • We’ll learn… • • How they form How to draw How](http://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/b99650c93e720740000ea002681bd1f4/image-3.jpg)
Covalent Compounds • We’ll learn… • • How they form How to draw How to name How to determine their shape
![Covalent Compounds • Ionic compounds • Electrons are either lost or gained • Covalent Covalent Compounds • Ionic compounds • Electrons are either lost or gained • Covalent](http://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/b99650c93e720740000ea002681bd1f4/image-4.jpg)
Covalent Compounds • Ionic compounds • Electrons are either lost or gained • Covalent compounds • Electrons are shared • Constituent elements are neutral • NOT ions
![Covalent Compounds • How come they just share? • No element is strong enough Covalent Compounds • How come they just share? • No element is strong enough](http://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/b99650c93e720740000ea002681bd1f4/image-5.jpg)
Covalent Compounds • How come they just share? • No element is strong enough to completely remove an e • Ex. Hydrogen • Diatomic exists as H 2 • You have 2 hydrogen atoms with same properties • Same electronegativities, ionization energies • Equal pull
![Covalent Compounds • Covalent bond • When electrons are shared • Shared in a Covalent Compounds • Covalent bond • When electrons are shared • Shared in a](http://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/b99650c93e720740000ea002681bd1f4/image-6.jpg)
Covalent Compounds • Covalent bond • When electrons are shared • Shared in a space between the bonded atoms called a molecular orbital
![Covalent Compounds • Not completely different from ionic compounds • Atoms still form bonds Covalent Compounds • Not completely different from ionic compounds • Atoms still form bonds](http://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/b99650c93e720740000ea002681bd1f4/image-7.jpg)
Covalent Compounds • Not completely different from ionic compounds • Atoms still form bonds in way that helps them fill their octet • Trying to get 8 e • Just don’t get “full custody” of the added e • e- still belongs to the other atom, too
![Covalent Compounds • Form because they’re more stable • Release energy when they form Covalent Compounds • Form because they’re more stable • Release energy when they form](http://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/b99650c93e720740000ea002681bd1f4/image-8.jpg)
Covalent Compounds • Form because they’re more stable • Release energy when they form like ionic compounds • Called bond energy • Same energy must be added to compound to break the bond
![Covalent Compounds • Bond length • Distance between the nuclei of the bonded atoms Covalent Compounds • Bond length • Distance between the nuclei of the bonded atoms](http://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/b99650c93e720740000ea002681bd1f4/image-9.jpg)
Covalent Compounds • Bond length • Distance between the nuclei of the bonded atoms • Just an average • Covalent bonds are flexible, dynamic
![Covalent Compounds • Correlation between bond energy and length • Stronger bonds generally have Covalent Compounds • Correlation between bond energy and length • Stronger bonds generally have](http://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/b99650c93e720740000ea002681bd1f4/image-10.jpg)
Covalent Compounds • Correlation between bond energy and length • Stronger bonds generally have shorter bond lengths • Why is this?
![Organize Your Information • Create a Venn diagram • Compare/contrast covalent and ionic compounds Organize Your Information • Create a Venn diagram • Compare/contrast covalent and ionic compounds](http://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/b99650c93e720740000ea002681bd1f4/image-11.jpg)
Organize Your Information • Create a Venn diagram • Compare/contrast covalent and ionic compounds • What type of compound does a Venn diagram resemble? Why?
![Covalent Bonding • Used example of hydrogen yesterday • H 2 is 2 hydrogen Covalent Bonding • Used example of hydrogen yesterday • H 2 is 2 hydrogen](http://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/b99650c93e720740000ea002681bd1f4/image-12.jpg)
Covalent Bonding • Used example of hydrogen yesterday • H 2 is 2 hydrogen atoms covalently bonded together • Since both atoms were the same, had same electronegativities • Equal pull • e- shared equally • This is called a nonpolar covalent bond
![Covalent Bonding • What about covalent bonds with different atoms? • Their electronegativities are Covalent Bonding • What about covalent bonds with different atoms? • Their electronegativities are](http://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/b99650c93e720740000ea002681bd1f4/image-13.jpg)
Covalent Bonding • What about covalent bonds with different atoms? • Their electronegativities are different • Atom with higher electronegativity attracts emore • Creates uneven sharing • Called a polar covalent bond • e- more likely to be found closer to atom with higher electronegativity
![Covalent Bonding • If one atom’s electronegativity is much higher than the other’s, it Covalent Bonding • If one atom’s electronegativity is much higher than the other’s, it](http://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/b99650c93e720740000ea002681bd1f4/image-14.jpg)
Covalent Bonding • If one atom’s electronegativity is much higher than the other’s, it will completely take the e • Ionic bonding • Polar covalent bond is still sharing e-
![Covalent Bonding • Electronegativity difference determines bond type • 0 -0. 5 – nonpolar Covalent Bonding • Electronegativity difference determines bond type • 0 -0. 5 – nonpolar](http://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/b99650c93e720740000ea002681bd1f4/image-15.jpg)
Covalent Bonding • Electronegativity difference determines bond type • 0 -0. 5 – nonpolar covalent • 0. 5 -2. 1 – polar covalent • 2. 1 -3. 3 – ionic
![Covalent Bonding • Electronegativity difference determines bond type • 0 -0. 5 – nonpolar Covalent Bonding • Electronegativity difference determines bond type • 0 -0. 5 – nonpolar](http://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/b99650c93e720740000ea002681bd1f4/image-16.jpg)
Covalent Bonding • Electronegativity difference determines bond type • 0 -0. 5 – nonpolar covalent • 0. 5 -2. 1 – polar covalent • 2. 1 -3. 3 – ionic
![Covalent Bonding • Trends • A larger difference between electronegativity values… • More polar Covalent Bonding • Trends • A larger difference between electronegativity values… • More polar](http://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/b99650c93e720740000ea002681bd1f4/image-17.jpg)
Covalent Bonding • Trends • A larger difference between electronegativity values… • More polar bond… • And stronger bond
![Covalent Bonding • Properties of compounds will vary based on their bond type • Covalent Bonding • Properties of compounds will vary based on their bond type •](http://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/b99650c93e720740000ea002681bd1f4/image-18.jpg)
Covalent Bonding • Properties of compounds will vary based on their bond type • Stronger bonds have higher boiling, melting points
![Covalent Bonding • Using the table of electronegativities below, list 5 pairs of elements Covalent Bonding • Using the table of electronegativities below, list 5 pairs of elements](http://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/b99650c93e720740000ea002681bd1f4/image-19.jpg)
Covalent Bonding • Using the table of electronegativities below, list 5 pairs of elements that will result in a covalent bond • Indicate whether it is polar or nonpolar
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