Ch 5 Workrelated Attitudes Part 3 Feb 21
Ch 5: Work-related Attitudes Part 3: Feb 21, 2006
Diversity Policies • Affirmative Action programs – social responsibility to make up for past wrongs. – Encourage hiring of women & minorities in underrepresented areas. • Why resistance to these programs?
Tokenism research • Kanter’s (1977) study of ‘tokens’ in large companies • 3 perceptual tendencies when small number of minorities: – Tokens receive more attention – Contrast betw token & majority – what is result? – Assimilation of tokens – when?
Relational Demography • Relationship between individual’s demographics & group’s demographics – Tsui’s research – perceived similarity may affect individual’s work attitudes & behaviors – What did she find regarding increasing diversity in work groups?
Diversity Training • Awareness-based programs – recognize our underlying assumptions about culture. – Triandis’ cultural assimilator: • provide info about values, history, assumptions of cultures to U. S. managers – How effective is this?
Diversity Training (cont. ) • Skill-based programs – focus on crosscultural communication, flexibility, conflict resolution (combine w/awareness trng). • Comparison of award-winning companies w/diversity initiatives and those involved in lawsuits – Effects on bottom-line?
Cox’s Acculturation Model • Describes how orgs differ in their stage of diversity development • Dimensions: – Acculturation – Structural integration – Informal integration – Org identification – Intergroup conflict
Cox (cont. ) • These dimensions determine which of 3 models org best fits: – 1. Monolithic – least amount of integration – 2. Plural – more heterogeneity, but skewed integration across function, level, work group – 3. Multicultural – diversity at all levels of decision making
- Slides: 8