CH 4 BLEEDING KS CIVIL WAR The Saga

CH. 4 BLEEDING KS & CIVIL WAR The Saga of Bleeding Kansas

CH. 4 BLEEDING KS & CIVIL WAR • Settling the Territory • After the Kansas-Nebraska Act many settlers moved to Kansas for cheap land & Popular Sovereignty • For or Against? • Abolitionists- People who wanted slavery to be abolished. • Set up towns of Topeka & Lawrence • Pro-slavery- People who were for the practice of slavery. • Set up the towns of Atchison & Leavenworth • US is split, Senator Brooks attacked Sumner on Senate floor over issue.

CH. 4 BLEEDING KS & CIVIL WAR • Dred Scott • He was a slave who sued the government for his freedom. • His master was Dr. John Emerson (Army Surgeon) • When his master died he sued for his freedom because he had lived in free territory with Dr. Emerson. • Supreme Court Ruling • Ruled that African Americans are not citizens. • Unconstitutional for U. S. government to prohibit slavery in territories. • Allowed slavery to start in KS

CH. 4 BLEEDING KS & CIVIL WAR • Bleeding Kansas • Free-staters vs. Proslavery settlers. • War broke out between the two sides. • Lawrence • Home to many free-staters. • Local newspaper very critical of Proslavery settlers near town. • Proslavery forces were angered and attacked the city. • Led by Sheriff Samuel Jones (Southern Sympathizer) • Lawrence is burned to the ground. • Sheriff Jones- “This is the happiest day of my life, I assure you. ” • Beecher Bibles- Rifle used by free-staters to defend against proslavery forces.

CH. 4 BLEEDING KS & CIVIL WAR • John Brown • Radical abolitionist who believed violence was the only way to overthrow slavery system. • Believed that “God” told him to end slavery. • Pottawatomie Creek Massacre • Attack on proslavery settlers, led by John Brown. • Brutally killed 5 proslavery men. • Bushwhackers – Missourians who crossed boarder to attack free-staters. • Jayhawkers – Kansans who crossed boarder to attack proslavery settlers.

CH. 4 BLEEDING KS & CIVIL WAR • Election Fraud • State Census was given to determine number of eligible voters in KS • 1854 KS holds election for Legislature • Over half of the votes were illegal. • Boarder Ruffians- Missourians who voted illegally • Slave legislature elected • Called “Bogus Legislature”

CH. 4 BLEEDING KS & CIVIL WAR • Election Fraud continued…. • Free-staters were angry the proslavery legislature was elected • Created their own free legislature. • KS now has 2 Govs. trying to operate against each other • One Free – One Slave

CH. 4 BLEEDING KS & CIVIL WAR • Constitution • Before KS can become state, it needs a constitution. • 4 constitutions will be created. • Could not agree on terms. • Hard with 2 governments • US wanted a free state constitution to strengthen their position

CH. 4 BLEEDING KS & CIVIL WAR • Constitution continued… • Wyandotte Constitution • Made KS a free state. • Improvement to women's rights. • Could not be approved until Southern states begin to succeed. • “Ad Astra Per Aspera” • To the stars through difficulty!

CH. 4 BLEEDING KS & CIVIL WAR Kansas and the Civil War U. S. entered a Civil War over the issue of slavery. Confederates = South (Slave) Union = North (Free) James Lane’s Frontier Guard Lane was a senator from KS. Gave elaborate speeches and loved a good fight. Created Frontier Guard Provided special protection for Lincoln.

CH. 4 BLEEDING KS & CIVIL WAR Kansas Kansans were eager to fight in the war. and the Civil War Continued… 20, 000 of 30, 000 eligible men volunteered. African American Soldiers KS was the first state to enlist African American soldiers. First group African American regiment to engage in battle. Women Help Serving as nurses Gathering supplies Making Cloths

CH. 4 BLEEDING KS & CIVIL WAR Quantrill’s Raid Attack by confederates from Missouri on the town of Lawrence. Led by William C. Quantrill, confederate guerilla. Shot every man/boy they found, burned town to the ground.

CH. 4 BLEEDING KS & CIVIL WAR Battle of Mine Creek Missouri did not break away from the Union. Considered to be a border state. Gen. Sterling Price led Confederate army into Missouri hoping to capture the state. Failed to capture the state and retreated through KS. US wins fight at Mine Creek Union army caught up with them. Set up camp at Mine Creek Confederates Union = 7, 000 & Union = 2, 500 Calvary overcomes numbers for a victory.