Ch 2021 Civil War Fort Sumter Charleston SC

Ch 20/21 Civil War !!!!

Fort Sumter Charleston , SC Confederate cannons fire on the Union, April 12, 1861 34 - hour bombardment

Lincoln calls for troops Lincoln asks for 75, 000 volunteers AR, TN, VA, NC leave the Union after Ft. Sumter.

The Border States 4 states remained loyal to the Union. MO, KY, MD, DE WV- 1861 Lincoln wanted to keep these states in the Union at all costs

Northern Advantages Most of the industry is in the North. More people in the North. Larger Navy

Southern Advantages The South had more skilled soldiers than the North Better Officers Fighting a defensive war ( They don’t HAVE to win)

Foreign Intervention South hoped to get some foreign aide to assist in their revolution. Britain and France had an interest to help the South

The Trent Affair- 1861 A Union ship stops a British ship called the Trent. The sailors removed two Confederate diplomats England prepares for war

Jefferson Davis President of the Confederacy Wasn’t popular with the Confederate Congress Struggled to keep the Confederate States united

Lincoln as President Took many aggressive steps during the course of the war. Increased the size of the Army without congressional approval. Suspended Habeas Corpus.

Military Drafts 1863: The Federal Government issues a draft order. Riots happened. New York Draft Riots Rich men could buy their way out of the draft

The Economy- North Morrill Tariff Act: Raised the tariff in 1861 Greenbacks: The Union printed paper money that was determined by the Nation’s credit National Banking System- 1863, Made a standard national currency

The Economy- South Suffered from the Union’s blockade of Southern Ports Wouldn’t impose large direct taxes Southern Inflation

Homestead Act 1862 People could apply for a land grant from the government. Received land for little or no cost

US Sanitary Commission Elizabeth Blackwell started the commission Trained Nurses, collected medical supplies

Anaconda Plan The Plan was to control the Mississippi River, and the Southern Seaports. Choke the South’s economy by limiting trade. Slowly Strangling the economy of the South.

1 st Bull Run( Manassas) 1861 First major battle of the Civil War Before the battle, many thought this would be a 90 day war about 5, 000 dead after the battle.

Second Bull Run(Manassas)1862 Robert E. Lee wins, with help from “Stonewall” Jackson 10, 000 Union killed - Confederate killed 1, 300 Huge blow to the Union Morale.

Antietam ( Sharpsburg ) 1862 The single bloodiest day in the Civil War. Prevented the involvement of Britain and France on behalf of the South 22, 500 dead at the end of the battle. The battle was a draw.

Emancipation Proclamation Lincoln needed a Union victory. Lincoln declared that on 1/1/1863 all slaves in the Confederacy were free Slaves in the border states were NOT freed

Thirteenth Amendment Outlaws all forms of slavery in the USA. Passed in 1865

Integrating the Army Lincoln started to enlist black soldiers in 1862/3 About 180, 000 were enlisted by the end of the war. 54 th MA Regiment: Ft. Wagner, SC.

Gettysburg July 1 -3 1863 The Bloodiest battle of the Civil War. 75, 000 died Turning point of the War

Gettysburg Address given by Lincoln after the battle, as a memorial lasted about 3 minutes. 272 words. Spoke about the importance of this war and hope for the future.

Vicksburg July 4, 1863 Union victory led to the control of the Mississippi River for the Union. U. S. Grant was the general in command

Sherman’s March- 1864 Captured Atlanta and burned it in Nov, 1864 William Sherman’s army sought to wage Total War through GA. Destroyed everything war related from Atlanta to Savannah.

Civil War Politics Congressional Committee on the Conduct of War- 1861 Copper Heads- Democrats that denounced Lincoln’s administration.

Election of 1864 Lincoln was losing favor Ran against former Gen. Mc. Clellan Won with 55% of the popular vote.

Appomattox Courthouse April 9, 1865 - VA Grant corners Lee at Appomattox Lee surrenders his command

Lincoln Assassinated April 14, 1865 ( Good Friday) Lincoln attended a play at Ford’s theater shot by John Wilkes Booth. dies on April 15