CH 2 Cognitive Neuroscience The Brain The Brain
CH. 2 ? Cognitive Neuroscience The Brain
The Brain • The nervous System “Our ability to perceive, adapt to, and interact with the world around us” Receive Process Respond to information from the environment
The Brain • Postmortem Studies “after death”
The Brain • Animal Studies 사람
The Brain • Electrical Recordings ‘EEGs’ ‘ERPs’ 다른 기술과 함께 결합하여 사용
The Brain • Static Imaging Techniques X-ray 기반 혈관 조형 술 Ca. T scan MRI (still image)
The Brain • Metabolic Imaging PET scan - blood flow (산소와 포도당의 소비) f. MRI - Oxygen
The Brain • Gross Anatomy of the Brain Cerebral cortex (대뇌피질) Basal ganglia (대뇌핵) Limbic system (대뇌 변연계) Hippocampus (해마) Amygdala (편도) Septum (격막) Thalamus (시상) Hypothalamus (시상하부)
• Forebrain Cerebral cortex (대뇌피질) The Brain Limbic system (대뇌 변연계) Hippocampus (해마) Amygdala (편도) Basal ganglia (대뇌핵) Septum (격막)
The Brain • Forebrain Hypothalamus (시상하부) Thalamus (시상) Auditory Somatosensory Visual motor 시상 대뇌 피질
The Brain • Gross Anatomy of the Brain Superior colliculi (상층둔덕) Inferior colliculi (하층둔덕) RAS (망상활성화 시스템) 회백질/적색핵/흑질/vental region
The Brain • Midbrain Superior colliculi (상층둔덕) Inferior colliculi (하층둔덕) 회백질/적색핵/ 흑질/vental region RAS (망상활성화 시스템) ㆍㆍㆍ
The Brain • Gross Anatomy of the Brain Medulla oblongata (연수) Pons (뇌교) Cerebellum (소뇌)
The Brain • Hindbrain Medulla oblongata (연수) Pons (뇌교) Cerebellum (소뇌)
The Brain • Cerebral cortex and Localization of Function • Sulci – small grooves • Fissures - large grooves • Gyri - Sulci와 Fissures 사이의 돌출부 • Corpus callosum 을 통해 반구 끼리 커뮤니케이션 가능 • Left cerebral hemisphere - Kind of activity • Right cerebral hemisphere - Other kind
The Brain • Hemispheric Specialization • Broca’s area – speech • Wernick’s area – understandig language • Roger Sperry - Corpus Callosum (뇌량)
The Brain • Hemispheric Specialization Left hemisphere Right hemisphere • Language • little grammatical or phonetic understanding /good semantic knowledge • Movement • Speaking of visual information • Analutically (piece by piece) • Practical language use • Pointing of visual information • Holistically (whole) • visuospatial
The Brain • Lobes of cerebral Hemisphere • 전두엽 -Motor processing and higher thought process (판단/문제해결/성격/계획된 움직임) • Prefrontal cortex – complex motor control and task that require integration of information • Primary motor cortex -계획/조정/움직임의 실행/ 움직임의 특정
The Brain • Lobes of cerebral Hemisphere • 마루엽 -somatosensory precessiong (촉감, 고통, 온도감각, 사지 위치) • Primary somatosensory cortex -(압박, 씹히는느낌, 온도, 고통. . )
The Brain • Lobes of cerebral Hemisphere • 측두엽 • 후두엽 -autditory processiong (복잡한 음향 분석) -visual processiong
The Brain • Association Areas - The activity of sensory 와 motor cortices 를 연결 • Frontal Association area in 전두엽 -문제해결, 계획, 판단을 위해 중요한 역할
보다 – visual cortex 활성화 듣다 – auditory cortex 활성화 PET scan 말하다 – motor cortex 활성화 관련된 단어 만들기 -Visual + auditory+ motor = Association area 활성화
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