Ch 2 1 Continued Isotopes Chemical Bonds Notes
Ch 2 -1 (Continued) Isotopes & Chemical Bonds Notes #5
What are isotopes? l Same element with different atomic mass. l # of protons stays the same, # of neutrons varies. l Identified by the Atomic Mass
Example of an Isotope Carbon-12 vs. Carbon-13 Atomic Mass: 12 13 # of Protons : 6 6 # of Neutrons: 6 7
Chemical Bonds l Hold atoms together l Involves e- that are found on the outer orbital
What is a Compound? ANS: Is a substance formed by a combination of 2 or more elements Ex. H 2 O = Water 2 Hydrogen combined to 1 Oxygen
What are Valence Electrons? l Electrons on the outer orbital that can form bonds Carbon Atom --->
2 Main Types of Chemical Bonds 1) Ionic Bonds: formed when electrons are transferred from one atom to another. Na+ Cl- Ex. --> Sodium + Chlorine = Sodium Chloride
Result of Ionic bonds Table Salt!
What are Ions? ANS: Atoms that have gained or lost an electron 2 types a) Anion: Gained electrons; becomes more negatively charged. b) Cation: Lost electrons; becomes more positively charged. How do ions form?
Covalent Bonds l Bonds created by sharing electrons between atoms What are Molecules? -Smallest unit of compounds -Basic structure joining 2 atoms together
Example of Covalent Bond Ex. Water Molecule Hydrogen sharing electrons (in yellow) with Oxygen (in pink).
Ionic vs Covalent Bonding
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