Cervical Cap Fem Cap What is it andor

Cervical Cap (Fem Cap) What is it and/or how does it work? Silicone cup shaped like sailor’s hat that is inserted into vagina and over cervix Barrier that keeps sperm from joining with egg

Cervical Cap (Fem Cap) Benefits/Advantages Carried in pocket or purse No effect on woman’s hormones Immediately effected and reversible Disadvantages/Risks May be pushed out of place during sexual action Doesn’t protect against STD’s Must be in place every time a woman has vaginal intercourse Can’t be used during mestruation May be difficult to insert

Cervical Cap (Fem Cap) Cost & Availability Purchased at drugstore or clinic with a prescription Examination costs $50 -$200 Cervical caps average $60 -$75 Spermicide costs $8 – 17 a kit Effectiveness 14 out of 100 become pregnant each year

Male Condom What is it and/or how does it work? Thin latex or plastic sheaths that are worn on the penis during intercourse Collect pre-cum and semen when a man ejaculates

Male Condom Benefits/Advantages Safe, simple, convenient Inexpensive and easy to get Lightweight and disposable Don’t need a prescription Some protection against STDs Disadvantages/Risks Allergies to latex Dulls sensation May lose sexual excitement when putting on a condom Condoms may break

Male Condom Cost & Availability Available in drugstores, planned parenthood centers, clinics, vending machines Prices range from $1$6 each (12 packs may cost less than $1 each) Effectiveness 2 out of 100 women become pregnant if condoms are always used correctly 15 out of 100 become pregnant if they don’t always use condoms correctly

Diaphragm What is it and/or how does it work? A shallow, domeshaped cup with a flexible rim that is inserted into the vagina and covers the cervix, preventing pregnancy by keeping sperm from joining with an egg. Must be left in for 6+hours after intercourse, but not more than 24 hrs.

Diaphragm Benefits/Advantages Safe, simple, convenient Immediately effective and reversible Can be inserted hours ahead of time Disadvantages/Risks May be difficult to insert Must be in place every time May be pushed out during sexual activity Can’t be used during menstruation May need refitting Doesn’t protect against STDs

Diaphragm Cost & Availability See a health care provider (planned parenthood, a clinic, or private health care provider Examination costs $50 -$200, diaphragms average $15 -$75 Effectiveness 6 out of 100 women will become pregnant each year 16 out of 100 if not use as directed

Natural Family Planning (Rhythm method, Fertility Awareness Methods) What is it and/or how does it work? Ways to track ovulation – the release of an egg – in order to prevent pregnancy (may monitor temperature, cervical mucous, the calendar, etc. )

Natural Family Planning (Rhythm method, Fertility Awareness Methods) Benefits/Advantages Cost very little Safe Stopped easily to plan a pregnancy Calendars, thermometers, and charts are easy to get Disadvantages/Risks Do not protect against STD’s May not work if Have more than one sex partner don’t want to keep track of your safe days Are not able to abstain for at least 10 days

Natural Family Planning (Rhythm method, Fertility Awareness Methods) Cost & Availability Class fee for learning about FAMs Other items (such as calendars) cost little or nothing Basal body temp. thermometers cost $10 - $12 Effectiveness Between 12 and 25 out of every 100 couples will become pregnant (how well FAMs work depends on both partners)

IUD What is it and/or how does it work? Small, “T-shaped” device inserted into uterus May affect the way sperm move Alters the lining of the uterus; the fertilized egg can’t implant

IUD Benefits/Advantages May improve sex life, nothing to put in place before intercourse May reduce cramps and give lighter periods Easily removed Can be effective for 5 to 12 years Disadvantages/Risks Doesn’t protect against STDs May change period (spotting, cramps & backaches are common) Develop an infection through insertion Can easily slip out of the uterus Serious complications if you become pregnant

IUD Cost & Availability See a health care provider Exam and insertion visits cost $175 - $500 Effectiveness One of the most effective forms of birth control, less than 1 out of 100 become pregnant each year

Birth Control Pills What is it and/or how does it work? The hormones in the pill work by keeping a woman’s ovaries from releasing eggs — ovulation. The hormones in the pill also prevent pregnancy by thickening a woman’s cervical mucus. The mucus blocks sperm and keeps it from joining with an egg.

Birth Control Pills Benefits/Advantages It is simple and convenient It may make periods lighter and lesson cramps Some combination pills offer other +s: Reduce acne Protect against ovarian cancer Disadvantages/Risks Breakthrough bleeding, breast tenderness and nausea are possible May effect desire Increased risk of stroke, heart attack, blood clots, etc. - especially if heavy, over 35 years or a smoker May be up to 6 months before normal periods resume Doesn’t protect against STDs

Birth Control Pills Cost & Availability Visit your healthcare provider for a prescription The exam may cost from $35 to $250 The pills may be purchased at drugstores or clinics for $15 to $50 per month Effectiveness Less than 1 of 100 women become pregnant when always used as directed and taken at the same time daily. 8 of 100 pregnancies when not always used as directed

Implants (Implanon, Norplant) What is it and/or how does it work? Matchstick sized rod that is inserted into the arm and prevents pregnancy for up to three years by releasing hormone progestin (prevents ovulation)

Implants (Implanon, Norplant) Benefits/Advantages Gives continuous long lasting birth control without sterilization No daily medication Doesn’t need to be put in place before vaginal intercourse Disadvantages/Risks Undesirable side effects (acne, cysts, depression, hair loss) Irregular bleeding Serious problems include: arm pain, breast lumps, implant comes out Doesn’t protect against STDs

Implants (Implanon, Norplant) Cost & Availability See a health care provider Exam, implanon, and insertion costs range from $400 - $800 Removal costs between $75 - $150 Effectiveness Less than 1 out of 100 women a year will become pregnant Lasts three years

Female Condom What is it and/or how does it work? A pouch inserted into vagina Cover inside of vagina to collect pre-cum and semen

Female Condom Benefits/Advantages Easy to get Can be used by those who are allergic to latex May enhance sex play Stays in place Offers some protection against STDs Disadvantages/Risks May cause irritation May be noisy May slip during intercourse Reduce feeling during intercourse

Female Condom Cost & Availability Available at Planned Parenthood, clinics, drugstores, online, and in some supermarkets Costs vary (about $3. 60) Effectiveness Used correctly 5 out of 100 become pregnant When used incorrectly 21 out of 100 become pregnant

Patch (Ortho Evra) What is it and/or how does it work? A small patch that sticks to your skin to prevent pregnancy by releasing the same hormones as birth control pills.

Patch (Ortho Evra) Benefits/Advantages Simple and convenient May have lighter, more regular periods Some protection against: acne, ectopic pregnancy, ovarian cysts, premenstrual symptoms, vaginal dryness Disadvantages/Risks Does not protect against STDs Side effects such as spotting, breast tenderness & nausea May be up to 6 months before normal periods resume Same serious side effects as the pill

Patch (Ortho Evra) Cost & Availability Get a prescription from Planned Parenthood, a clinic, or healthcare provider (exam costs $35$250) One month supply costs about $15 - $50 Effectiveness Less than 1 of 100 when always used correctly 8 of 100 when not always used as directed

Vaginal Ring (Nuva Ring) What is it and/or how does it work? Small, flexible ring that releases hormones (same as b. c. pills) inserted into vagina once per month to prevent pregnancy

Vaginal Ring (Nuva Ring) Benefits/Advantages Safe, simple, convenient Nothing to do right before sexual intercourse May improve sex life Same benefits as the pill Disadvantages/Risks Some may have undesirable side effects such as: bleeding between periods, breast tenderness, nausea and vomiting Not for everyone Does not protect against STDs

Vaginal Ring (Nuva Ring) Cost & Availability Get a prescription through Planned Parenthood, clinic, or private health care provider Exam costs $35 -$250 Nuva. Ring costs $15$50 per month Effectiveness Less than 1 out of 100 will become pregnant if used as directed 8 out of 100 will become pregnant if not used as directed

Sponge What is it and/or how does it work? Soft, round, two inch diameter plastic foam sponge inserted into vagina before intercourse Blocks sperm from entering uterus continuously releases spermicide to keep sperm from moving

Sponge Benefits/Advantages No prescription needed Does not need to be fitted by health care provider Generally cannot be felt by you or your partner Effective for 24 hours Disadvantages/Risks May be difficult to insert or remove; may need health care provider to remove sponge May cause vaginal irritation May make sex too messy or dry Doesn’t protect against STDs

Sponge Cost & Availability Available at family planning centers, drugstores, and some supermarkets Package of three costs $9 -$15; costs vary depending on where you live Effectiveness Used as directed 9 out of 100 will become pregnant each year Not used as directed 16 out of 100 will become pregnant Women who have previously given birth have a higher risk of pregnancy (20 -32)

Emergency Contraception (Morning After Pill, Plan B) What is it and/or how does it work? A pill that can be started up to five days after unprotected intercourse Made of same hormones in birth control pills that keep ovulation from occurring

Emergency Contraception (Morning After Pill, Plan B) Benefits/Advantages Prevents pregnancy after unprotected sex You don’t need a prescription (if 18 yrs or older) Available at most pharmacies Disadvantages/Risks Costly at some areas Undesirable side effects: nausea, irregular bleeding, dizziness, breast tenderness and headaches You need a prescription if under 18 yrs. Doesn’t protect against STDs

Emergency Contraception (Morning After Pill, Plan B) Cost & Availability Cost varies a great deal, may cost anywhere from $10$45, if 18 yrs/OTC May cost $35 -250 if prescribed Available at most pharmacies Effectiveness Reduces pregnancy by 89 percent when started within 72 hours after unprotected intercourse 1 out of 100 will become pregnant after taking the morning after pill

Spermicide (Nonoxynol-9) What is it and/or how does it work? Chemicals that stop sperm from moving & joining an egg Blocks Cervix Available in forms: creams, foams, gels Used with diaphragm, cervical cap, condoms, etc.

Spermicide (Nonoxynol-9) Benefits/Advantages Carried easily in purse Easily available No prescription needed No effect on hormones Disadvantages/Risks If not used as directed spermicide may be less effective Can be messy May irritate either partner Doesn’t protect against STDs

Spermicide (Nonoxynol-9) Cost & Availability Kits cost $8, refills range from $4 -$8 Available at drugstores, planning clinics, and most supermarkets Effectiveness 15 out of 100 become pregnant if used as directed 29 out of 100 become pregnant if not used as directed More effective when used with other methods

Vasectomy What is it and/or how does it work? Form of birth control for men that is permanent Blocks each vas deferens (seminal tubes) to keep sperm out of seminal fluid

Vasectomy Benefits/Advantages Simple and convenient (because it lasts forever!) Will not affect sex organs, sexuality, or sexual pleasure Ejaculation will still look the same Disadvantages/Risks Not immediately effective Doesn’t protect against STDs You may change your mind and want to have a child Rarely, men lose the sexual desire; even more rarely, some lose ability to become erect Reversal attempts involve complicated surgery, costs thousands & is rare

Vasectomy Cost & Availability Cost ranges from $350 -$1, 000 Can be performed in medical office, hospital, or clinic Effectiveness Not immediately effective until after three months Nearly 100% effective

Tubal Ligation What is it and/or how does it work? Health care provider closes or blocks a woman’s fallopian tubes (by tying and cutting, sealing, or closing them) Essure: Small metal coils inserted in tubes Meant to be permanent

Tubal Ligation Benefits/Advantages Safe, because it lasts for life it is convenient and simple Enjoy sex without worrying about pregnancy Does not change hormones, menopause, or periods Disadvantages/Risks Tubes may reconnect themselves causing an ectopic pregnancy It is permanent No protection against STDs May be age requirements or waiting periods

Tubal Ligation Cost & Availability Can be performed in a medical office, hospital, or clinic Cost ranges from $1500 -$6000 (cost of vasectomy is much less) Effectiveness Nearly 100% effective Most kinds are effective right away, but it takes about three months before Essure is effective

Shots (Depo-Provera, Lunelle) What is it and/or how does it work? Injection of a hormone that prevents pregnancy for three months Keeps ovaries from releasing eggs and thickens a woman’s cervical mucus

Shots (Depo-Provera, Lunelle) Benefits/Advantages Safe, simple, convenient Effective long lasting pregnancy protection No daily pill to remember Very private method of birth control Doesn’t contain estrogen (can be used while breastfeeding) Disadvantages/Risks Undesirable side effects (irregular bleeding 1 st 12 months) No way to stop the side effects until the shot wears off (12 to 14 weeks) No protection against STDs Takes 9 -12 months to become pregnant after use May cause bone thinning

Shots (Depo-Provera, Lunelle) Cost & Availability Need a prescription Initial exam costs $35 -$250 Each visit after initial exam will cost between $20 to $40 Each injection costs between $30 -$75 Effectiveness Works best if you get the shot regularly, every 12 weeks Used correctly 1 out of 100 will become pregnant Incorrectly 3 out of 100 will become pregnant