Cerebral cortex Dr Altdorfer Neocortex isocortex f MRI

Cerebral cortex Dr. Altdorfer

Neocortex (isocortex)

f. MRI

Projection tracts Thalamocortical, corticothalamic tracts → Thalamic peduncles: ant. , sup. , post. , inf. thalamic radiations Fornix Corticospinal, corticonuclear tracts Fronto-pontine (Arnold) Temporo-occipito-pontine (Türck) Commissural and association tracts

Cortical centres

Broca’s speech centre: left hemisphere in 96%

Allocortex (not the typical isocortex) 1. Paleopallium / paleocortex 2. Archipallium / archicortex 1. paleopallium Bulbus olfactorius, Tractus olfactorius, Trigonum olfactorium, Striae olfactoriae

2. archipallium / Archicortex Hippocampus (Cornu ammonis), Fimbria hippocampi, Dentate gyrus Stratum pyramidale

Hippocampus

3 neurons in a chain Fornix

Klüver-Bucy Syndrom Klüver-Bucy-syndrome (bilat. temp. lobectomy): animals: agnosia, oral tendency, weak attention, hypersexuality, fearlessness. Humans: interest decreases

Additional information

Behavioural symptoms: lethargy apathetic patients may become socially withdrawn and stay in bed all day or no longer take care of themselves. Disinhibited patients: -inappropriate (sometimes sexual) comments or perform inappropriate acts. -get into trouble with the police because of inappropriate behaviour such as stealing. A number of primitive reflexes known as frontal release signs are often able to be elicited.