CELLULAR TRANSPORT Osmosis Osmosis The diffusion of water

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CELLULAR TRANSPORT

CELLULAR TRANSPORT

Osmosis • Osmosis = The diffusion of water • Diffusion = The movement of

Osmosis • Osmosis = The diffusion of water • Diffusion = The movement of particles from areas of high concentration to areas of low concentration.

• In a cell water tries to reach an equal concentration on both

• In a cell water tries to reach an equal concentration on both sides of the cell.

• When water diffuses across a selectively permeable membrane it is called osmosis.

• When water diffuses across a selectively permeable membrane it is called osmosis. • Concentration of water molecules controls osmosis.

• Water flows to one side of a membrane where the water concentration

• Water flows to one side of a membrane where the water concentration is lower. • This continues until the concentration is equal on both sides of the membrane.

• An unequal distribution of particles is called a concentration gradient.

• An unequal distribution of particles is called a concentration gradient.

Plasmolysis • Loss of water from a cell (easily seen in plant cells) resulting

Plasmolysis • Loss of water from a cell (easily seen in plant cells) resulting in a drop in TURGOR pressure. • Turgor Pressure is the pressure that builds up as water diffuses into a cell.

• When a plant wilts it loses TURGOR Pressure. • Water a plant

• When a plant wilts it loses TURGOR Pressure. • Water a plant and the Turgor Pressure increases and the plant stops wilting.

3 Solution types • Isotonic • Hypertonic

3 Solution types • Isotonic • Hypertonic

Isotonic Solution • The concentration of dissolved substances in the solution is the same

Isotonic Solution • The concentration of dissolved substances in the solution is the same as the concentration of dissolved substances inside the cell. • Osmosis does not occur.

tonic Solution Hypo • The concentration of dissolved substances is lower outside the cell

tonic Solution Hypo • The concentration of dissolved substances is lower outside the cell than inside the cell. • The cell will swell, ain’t that swell? • See the picture on the board your teacher is drawing.

Hypertonic Solution • The concentration of dissolved substances outside the cell is higher than

Hypertonic Solution • The concentration of dissolved substances outside the cell is higher than on the inside of the cell. • The cell will shrivel. • See the drawing on the board.

Passive Transport • The cell uses NO energy to move particles. • Particles are

Passive Transport • The cell uses NO energy to move particles. • Particles are diffused and move with the concentration gradient.

Facilitated Diffusion • Passive transport of materials across the plasma membrane with the aid

Facilitated Diffusion • Passive transport of materials across the plasma membrane with the aid of transport proteins. • See the cool picture on the board. • Used to move sugar and A. A.

Facilitative Diffusion • Remember it moves with the concentration gradient.

Facilitative Diffusion • Remember it moves with the concentration gradient.

Active Transport • Movement of materials into or out of a cell AGAINST the

Active Transport • Movement of materials into or out of a cell AGAINST the concentration gradient. • Requires the USE of energy. • Carrier proteins move molecules across the plasma membrane.

The Movement of BIG things • Endocytosis is a process by which a cell

The Movement of BIG things • Endocytosis is a process by which a cell surrounds and takes in material from its environment.

• Exocytosis is the expulsion or secretion of materials from a cell. •

• Exocytosis is the expulsion or secretion of materials from a cell. • Both endo and exocytosis are forms of active transport dude.

Contractile Vacuole • Some single celled animals when in a fresh water environment begin

Contractile Vacuole • Some single celled animals when in a fresh water environment begin to swell, to keep from exploding they have developed a special organelle that expels the excess water.

Mini Quiz • What kind of solution would the single celled animals be in

Mini Quiz • What kind of solution would the single celled animals be in that would cause them to expand? • What can you say about the turgor pressure?

FUN ACTIVITY • Ask your teacher for an assignment.

FUN ACTIVITY • Ask your teacher for an assignment.

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