Cellular Response Adaptive Non Adaptive Disturbances of growth
Cellular Response Adaptive Non Adaptive Disturbances of growth Degeneration Inflammation and repair Neoplasia Immune response Dysplasia Necrosis
DEGENERATION
Degeneration: � It’s a structure and function changes in the cells and intracellular substance (C. T) due to mild and moderate injury, not severe enough to cause cell death.
1 - Cloudy swelling: Accumulation of water within the cells caused by ATP. 2 - Fatty changes: Pathological accumulation of excess neutral fat in the cells.
3 -A myloid degeneration(amyloidosis): Extracellular accumulation of amyloid (abnormal protein) 4 -Hyaline degeneration: Microscopic change in the tissues which become homogenous , structure less & stain pink with eosin have a glassy appearance.
1 - Cloudy swelling in kidney “Gross”: The kidney are swollen due to entry of water , soft, bloodless and pale, the borders are rounded.
2 - Cloudy swelling in kidney “Microscopic”: Cells are swollen, conical in shape with fine red granular cytoplasm and normal nuclei, lumen of cell appear as star shape.
3 - Fatty degeneration in liver “Gross”: Pale Yellow color , enlarged of size, soft and border round
4 - Fatty degeneration in liver “Microscopic”: -the cell swollen & show empty vacuoles in cytoplasm of cells. It is occupied by fat accumulation , -the nuclei of cell are pushed by accumulated fat against the cell membrane , And become flattened giving the cell a signet ring appearance
5 - Fatty degeneration in liver “Microscopic”:
6 - Amyloid degeneration in liver: Homogenous pink a myloid deposit in: -The branches of the hepatic artery in the portal tracts which become thickened and narrowed. -B. M of sinusoids between lining endothelium and liver cells.
7 - Amyloid degeneration in kidney “Gross”: The kidney is enlarged, the cut surface is waxy with border shape & shows light brown dots caused by amyloid deposit
8 - Amyloid degeneration in kidney “Micro” Early stage: Homogenous pink a myeloid deposit in wall of the arteries. The wall appear thick and narrow lumen a myeloid deposit in the basement membrane of glomerular capillaries
9 - Amyloid degeneration in kidney (Advanced stage): Homogenous pink a myeloid deposit in: - wall of the arteries. It is appear thick and narrow lumen -the basement membrane of glomerular capillaries - the basement membrane of collecting tubules preventing waterr reabsorbing.
10 - Hyaline degeneration in spleen: Hyaline change affecting the central arterioles of the lymph follicles , the C. T of it , become structure less homogenous and pink with eosin and glass reflected material. The wall of arterioles become thick and narrowed lumens
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