Cellular Respiration What is Cellular Respiration l Cellular

Cellular Respiration

What is Cellular Respiration? l Cellular Respiration is the process by which all organisms break the chemical bonds in carbohydrates to release energy.

Carbohydrates l l l Carbohydrates are used as a fuel source for all organisms. Carbon – hydrogen bonds store a lot of energy. Carbon – carbon bonds store a lot of energy. Carbon – oxygen bonds store less energy Hydrogen – oxygen bonds store the least energy.

Release of Energy l l In cellular respiration, the highest energy bonds in sugar are broken and replaced with lower energy bonds. The extra energy from the bonds is captured for use in the cell.

Formula for Cellular Respiration C 6 H 12 O 6 + 6 O 2 6 CO 2 + 6 H 2 O + Energy Reactants: C 6 H 12 O 6 + 6 O 2 Products: 6 CO 2 + 6 H 2 O

Chemical Respiration: Details l Sugar is taken into the cell in the cytoplasm and the central bond of the sugar is broken. • This step produces 2 ATP l The pieces of sugar molecule pass into the mitochondria.

Chemical Respiration: Details l l l Oxygen comes into the mitochondria. The highest energy bonds (C-H; C-C) bonds break. The freed atoms reform into lower energy O-H and C-O bonds.

Chemical Respiration: Details l l At the end, the sugar and oxygen has been rearranged into lower energy molecules – H 2 O and CO 2. The water is either used in the cell or leaves the cell. The carbon dioxide leaves the cell. The body gains 34 more ATP per molecule of sugar.

Mass and Respiration l When an organism undergoes respiration, the mass decreases. • Since the carbon dioxide leaves the body, most of that mass is lost.