Cellular Respiration Harvesting Chemical Energy ATP Regents Biology
Cellular Respiration Harvesting Chemical Energy ATP Regents Biology 2007 -2008
Energy needs of life § Animals are energy consumers u What do we need energy for? § § § ____________________________ ______________ Regents Biology
Where do we get energy? § Energy is stored in organic molecules ____________________ Animals eat these organic molecules u digest food to get u § § _______________________________________________ w ________________________ Regents Biology
What is energy in biology? ATP Adenosine Tri. Phosphate Whoa! HOT stuff! Regents Biology 2007 -2008
Harvesting energy stored in food § ________________ u ________________ § ______________________ w “aerobic” respiration u food ATP usually digesting glucose § but could be other sugars, fats, or proteins O 2 _______ + _______ CH O + 6 12 6 Regents Biology 6 O 2 ATP + 6 CO 2 + 6 H 2 O
What do we need to make energy? § The “Furnace” for making energy u __________ § Fuel u Make ATP! All I do all day… And no one even notices! ______: carbohydrates, fats, proteins § Helpers u u __________ food __________ § Product u __________ § Waste products u enzymes O 2 __________ § then used by plants __________ u Regents Biology ATP CO 2 H 2 O
Mitochondria are everywhere!! animal cells plant cells Regents Biology
“Burn fuels” to make energy combustion making heat energy by burning fuels in one step fuel (carbohydrates) O 2 CO 2 + H 2 O + heat ____________ making ATP energy (& some heat) by burning fuels in many small steps ATP Regents Biology food (carbohydrates) O 2 ATP + CO 2 + H 2 O (+ heat)
Using ATP to do work? Can’t store ATP § too unstable § only used in cell that produces it § only short term energy storage § carbohydrates & fats are long term energy storage Whoa! Pass me the glucose & oxygen! Regents Biology ATP Adenosine Tri. Phosphate work Adenosine Di. Phosphate _____ A working muscle recycles over 10 million ATPs per second
A Body’s Energy Budget 1 ATP eat food 2 3 Regents Biology make energy synthesis (building) storage { { { • energy needed even at rest • activity • temperature control • growth • reproduction • repair • glycogen (animal starch) • fat
What if oxygen is missing? § No oxygen available = can’t complete § O 2 aerobic respiration ______________ u also known as ______________ § _____________________ no oxygen or no mitochondria (bacteria) u can only make very little ATP u large animals cannot survive yeast u Regents Biology bacteria
Anaerobic Respiration § _____________ u ____________ § yeast w ________________ w make beer, wine, bread u ____________ § bacteria, animals w ________________ w bacteria make yogurt w animals feel muscle fatigue Regents Biology Tastes good… but not enough energy for me! O 2
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