Cellular Respiration ATP ATP adenosine triphosphate ATP is

Cellular Respiration

ATP • ATP = adenosine triphosphate • ATP is one of the most important compounds that cells use to store and release energy

ADP • ADP = Adenosine Diphosphate Only TWO Phosphate Groups • REMEMBER! Any time chemical bonds are broken, energy is released. • ADP is like a rechargeable battery http: //www. biologyinmotion. com/atp/

• ATP can easily release and store energy by breaking and reforming the bonds between its phosphate groups. • This characteristic of ATP makes it exceptionally useful as a basic energy source for all cells.

Remember Photosynthesis… Sunlight 6 CO 2 + 6 H 2 O → C 6 H 12 O 6 + 6 O 2 Autotrophs use energy from the sun to produce sugars/ starches. Which heterotrophs then eat. How do you get energy from your food? Energy is released when chemical bonds are broken.

How much chemical energy is in food? calorie = the amount of energy needed to raise the temperature of 1 gram of water 1° Celsius. Calorie = 1000 calories (1 kilocalorie) 70 Calories = 70000 calories

Cells can use several kinds of molecules for food, fats, proteins, carbohydrates. Proteins and Carbs ~ 4 Cal/ gram Fats ~ 9 Cal/ gram

Cells do not burn energy and release energy as heat. They break down food molecules gradually, use energy stored in chemical bonds to produce ATP.

Cellular Respiration = the process that releases energy from food in the presence of oxygen. 6 O 2 + C 6 H 12 O 6 → 6 CO 2 + 6 H 2 O + ENERGY Does not happen all at once.

Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration Sunlight 6 CO 2 + 6 H 2 O → C 6 H 12 O 6 + 6 O 2 + C 6 H 12 O 6 → 6 CO 2 + 6 H 2 O + ENERGY Photosynthesis removes CO 2 from atmosphere, Cellular Respiration puts it back. Photosynthesis releases O 2 into atmosphere, Cellular Respiration uses O 2 to release energy from food.