Cellular Respiration And Fermentation ATP Key Concept Questions

Cellular Respiration And Fermentation ATP

Key Concept Questions: § What is cellular respiration? § What are the two main types of § fermentation? Compare photosynthesis and cellular respiration

Energy needs of life § Animals are energy consumers u What do we need energy for? § § § Synthesis (making things) reproduction active transport movement temperature control

Where do we get energy? § Energy is stored in organic molecules § carbohydrates, fats, proteins Animals eat these organic molecules food u CALORIE u § amount of energy needed to raise the temperature of 1 gram of water 1 Celsius degree u digest food to get § fuels for energy (ATP) § raw materials for building more molecules w carbohydrates, fats, proteins, nucleic acids

What is energy in biology? ATP Whoa! Hot stuff!

Harvesting energy stored in food § Cellular respiration u breaking down food to produce ATP § in mitochondria § using oxygen glucose + oxygen carbon + water + energy dioxide C 6 H 12 O 6 + 6 O 2 6 CO 2 + 6 H 2 O + ATP + heat

What do we need to make energy? § The “Furnace” u mitochondria § Fuel u food § glucose § The Helpers u oxygen § “aerobic” u enzymes O 2 ATP

§ Respiration animation

“Burn fuels” to make energy combustion making heat energy by burning fuels in one step fuel (carbohydrates) O 2 CO 2 + H 2 O + heat respiration making ATP energy (& some heat) by burning fuels in many small steps ATP food (carbohydrates) O 2 CO 2 + H 2 O + ATP (+ heat)

Using ATP to do work? Can’t store ATP § too unstable § only used in cell that produces it § only short term energy storage § carbohydrates & fats are long term energy storage ATP work ADP + P A working muscle recycles over 10 million ATPs per second

A Body’s Energy Budget eat food ATP synthesis storage { { { • resting energy • activity • temperature control • growth • reproduction • glycogen • fat

What if oxygen is missing? § Can’t complete aerobic respiration u alcohol fermentation § yeast w glucose ATP + CO 2+ alcohol w make beer, wine, bread u lactic acid fermentation § bacteria, animals w glucose ATP + lactic acid w make yogurt w animals feel muscle fatigue but only make a little bit of ATP! O 2

§ The reactants in photosynthesis are the same as the products of cellular respiration

Key Concept Questions: § What is cellular respiration? breaking down food to produce ATP § in mitochondria § using oxygen § What are the two main types of fermentation? u alcohol fermentation wglucose ATP + CO 2+ alcohol u lactic acid fermentation wglucose ATP + lactic acid u

Key Concept Questions: § Compare photosynthesis and cellular respiration (complete the following table)

Photosynthesis Cellular Respiration Function Make food Make energy Location Chloroplasts Mitochondria Reactants CO 2 & H 20 C 6 H 12 O 6 & O 2 Products C 6 H 12 O 6 & O 2 CO 2 & H 2 O & ATP Equation 6 CO 2 + 6 H 2 O Light. C 6 H 12 O 6 + 6 O 2 + C 6 H 12 O 6 6 CO 2 + 6 H 2 O + ATP

§ Photosynthesis and Respiration comparison