Cells Systems The Excretory System What does it

What does it do? • Our body produces a bunch of different waste products

Waste Products • Example we’ve covered already… • What waste product do we breath

Waste Products Cont … • We also have processes that create … – Excess

The Organs • The Liver – Main role is the digestive system • Enzyme

The Organs Cont … • The Kidneys – A filter site for the body

The Organs Cont … • Interesting kidney facts … – Every drop of blood

How do I make pee? • 1) Blood enters kidney via renal artery •

Ureters & Bladder & Urethra • Ureters are long tubes – Connect kidneys to

The Skin • Has anyone ever tasted their sweat? – What does it taste

The Power of Urine • Urine can tell you if you have certain diseases

Dialysis • If your kidneys do not work properly medicine has invented a machine

Dialysis Cont… • During dialysis – Your blood enters a special tubing inside the

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Cells & Systems The Excretory System

What does it do? • Our body produces a bunch of different waste products • If they were to build up we could get seriously sick or worse • Enter the excretory system! system – The system responsible for waste removal

Waste Products • Example we’ve covered already… • What waste product do we breath out? – CO 2 • Digestive system breaks down protein we are left with ammonia – This is very toxic! I am ammonia!! Ummkay? Noooo!! Help!!

Waste Products Cont … • We also have processes that create … – Excess water GROSS!!!! – Excess salt – Solid waste (poop) – Etc … • So how do we break them down and get rid of them? I’m Britney Spears. I don’t understand science. Don’t ask me!

The Organs • The Liver – Main role is the digestive system • Enzyme release, filter, etc … – In the excretory system it takes the toxic ammonia out of the blood stream – Converts the ammonia to a substance called urea – Puts the less harmful urea back into the bloodstream

The Organs

The Organs Cont … • The Kidneys – A filter site for the body – Approx 10 cm long & you have 2 – Filter blood of unwanted/unneeded • Urea • Water • Salts – They produce urine (pee!)

The Organs Cont …

The Organs Cont … • Interesting kidney facts … – Every drop of blood in your body on a given day is filtered about 300 times – This means about 180 L of blood passes through kidneys each day – On average you produce 1. 5 L of urine per day • Why do we filter so much?

How do I make pee? • 1) Blood enters kidney via renal artery • 2) Artery branches to smaller & smaller vessels • 3) Now in capillaries they enter the filter units called nephrons! nephrons We have millions of them • 4) Nephrons remove waste & produce urine • 5) Clean blood goes back into system via renal vein • 6) Waste (urine) goes down ureter

How do I make pee?

Ureters & Bladder & Urethra • Ureters are long tubes – Connect kidneys to bladder • The bladder is sac covered in muscle tissue • Urine enters bladder it expands – Can hold 1 L of urine • The muscles contract and push the urine out through the urethra

Ureters & Bladder & Urethra

The Skin • Has anyone ever tasted their sweat? – What does it taste like? • Below the surface of your skin there are 1000 s of tiny sweat glands • What does sweat do? – Keeps you cool – Removes excess salt

The Power of Urine • Urine can tell you if you have certain diseases – Diseases that for example affect how the kidneys function • Could have protein in urine because filtration is not happening correctly • Glucose in the urine if you have diabetes The Power of the Nose

Dialysis • If your kidneys do not work properly medicine has invented a machine to do the work for you • Dialysis Machine • It can remove the waste from the blood just as your kidney would • So how does it work?

Dialysis Cont… • During dialysis – Your blood enters a special tubing inside the machine – The tubing is selectively permeable – The tube is surrounded by fluid – Waste diffuses out of the blood into the fluid while certain substances diffuse back into the blood from the fluid – Clean blood pumped back into patient – Can take 4 -6 hours to fully clean the blood

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