CELLS Structure Function Review What is the function

CELLS Structure & Function Review

What is the function of the cell membrane? Controls what enters or leaves cell; What led to the discovery of cells? Microscope

prokaryotes Bacteria are _______ prokaryotes eukaryotes This storage space is a ______. vacuole http: //library. thinkquest. org/3564/Cells/cell 93. gif

Tell the 3 parts of the cell theory. *All living things are made of cells. *Cells are the basic units of structure & function in an organism * Cells are produced from existing cells. Small structure in a cell that performs a specific function organelle

Name the Cell PEOPLE German zoologist who concluded all animals Theodor Schwann are made of cells ____________ English scientist who 1 st saw “little boxes” in cork and called them cells __________ Robert Hooke

Tell which part does it? Mitochondria Burns glucose __________ Controls what enters Cell membrane or leaves the cell __________ Centrioles Aids in cell division _________ Digests unwanted Lysosomes substances or cell parts ________ Ribosomes Makes proteins ___________ Nucleus Contains DNA __________

Name the Cell PEOPLE German physician who saw dividing cells and reasoned that cells come from existing cells. __________ Rudolph Virchow As cell size increases, surface area to volume ratio. . ? Decreases

Name the Cell PEOPLE Dutch microscope maker who was the first to observe LIVING cells Anton van Leeuwenhoek ______________ Botanist who concluded that ALL PLANTS are made of cells _______________ Matthias Schleiden

eukaryote An animal cell is a ______. prokaryote eukaryote This organelle is the ______ Rough ER http: //www. biology 4 kids. com/files/cell_er. html

Name an organelle that assists with movement Cilia OR flagella OR CYTOSKELETON Name the organelle which is called the “power plant” of the cell because it provides energy mitochondrion

Name the molecule that provides the energy for cell activities ATP Cells that are more efficient tend to be what size? small

Cells that have a cell membrane but NOT a nuclear membrane are ________ prokaryotes Name the organelle that acts as the cell’s control center. nucleus

Name the dark spot in the nucleus of a cell where ribosomes are made. nucleolus Membranes that allow certain molecules to pass through and not others are said to be __________ Selectively OR semi- permeable.

ribosomes Proteins are made on the _____ in a cell. Microfilaments, microtubules and intermediate fibers make up the cytoskeleton and are made of what? Protein fibers

Tell which part does it? Makes lipids for membranes __________ smooth ER Mitochondria Stores energy as ATP __________ Modifies & transports proteins Rough ER made on its ribosomes __________ Supports and protects Cell wall plant cells __________

A group of cells that work together to carry out a specific function are called a ________ tissue The size a cell can grow is limited by its? Surface area to volume ratio

What’s the function? Mitochondria __________ burn glucose; make ATP Make proteins Ribosomes __________ Cell wall _________ support; protection Golgi bodies __________ Package molecules for storage or export Centrioles Pull ________ genetic material apart during cell division Smooth ER Make __________ lipids

Cell organelle where cellular respiration occurs. mitochondria This structure flagellum is a _____

Name an organelle that is made of microtubules Cytoskeleton or centrioles Attached or bound ribosomes are located on what organelle? Membrane of Rough ER

Tell which part does it? move proteins and other substances through the cell __________ Endoplasmic reticulum Controls what enters nuclear envelope or leaves the nucleus _________ Help cell move through environments _________ Cilia or flagella Modify, sort, & package Golgi bodies substances for transport _________ nucleolus Makes ribosomes ___________ Nucleus Control center of cell __________

Name an organelle besides the nucleus that has DNA Mitochondria OR chloroplasts Tell one difference between cilia and flagella. Cilia- many, shorter Flagella-one or two, longer

Short, thick outgrowths that allow prokaryotes to attach to surfaces are called? Pili What do mitochondria and chloroplasts have in common? Aid in energy production, ATP

Tell one way plant cells and bacterial cells are alike? Both: have a cell wall have a cell membrane have DNA have a cytoskeleton have ribosomes

Tell one way plant cells are different from bacteria cells? PLANTS Bacteria Eukaryotes Have chloroplasts Cellulose in cell wall Big vacuole nucleus Membrane bound organelles prokaryotes No chloroplasts peptidoglycan in cell wall no vacuole no nucleus No membrane bound organelles

Microscopes • State an advantage of • What type of the electron microscope do we use Microscope. in class? magnify images 1000 Light Microscope times more than a light microscope State an advantage of a light microscope. What’s disadvantage of Can view living or dead an Electron organisms Microscope? Only views dead organisms

http: //users. rcn. com/jkimball. ma. ultranet/Biology. Pages/A/Animal. Cells. html Name this part. GOLGI BODY which organelle probably evolved from aerobic bacteria that were incorporated into early prokaryotic cells? mitochondria

Name an organelle besides the nucleus that has a double membrane Mitochondria OR chloroplasts Where do the instructions for making proteins come from? Nucleus

Tell which part does it? Contains genetic info _________ nucleus cytoskeleton Give cell shape/support ______ Few, long structures flagella for locomotion _________ Large storage space for water Central vacuole __________

Endoplasmic reticulum with ribosomes attached is called rough ER. _____ Membrane bound sac that contains digestive enzymes. lysosome

Put in order of increasing size: Organ cell organ system organism tissue organ tissue cell _________ organ system _______ organism _______

smooth ER does NOT have _____ ribosomes attached The ________ is made of cytoskeleton microfilaments and microtubules and helps the cell to maintain its shape.

What is the function of the Rough ER? Modify and transport molecules made by its ribosomes This organelle is a _______ Golgi Body http: //vilenski. org/science/safari/cellstructure/golgi. htm

Tell one way animal cells and bacterial cells are alike? Both: have a cell membrane have DNA have a cytoskeleton have ribosomes

Tell one way animal cells are different from bacteria cells? Animal Bacteria Eukaryotes No cell wall vacuole nucleus Membrane bound organelles prokaryotes cell wall no vacuole no nucleus No membrane bound organelles no centrioles Centrioles

Pancake-like stack of membranes that modify, sort, &package substances for transport. Golgi body Which is older. Prokaryotes or Eukaryotes? Prokaryotes

Cells that need a lot of energy probably have a lot of _______ mitochondria Golgi bodies Smooth ER mitochondria centrioles Endoplasmic reticulum without ribosomes attached is called ___________ Smooth ER

eukaryote A plant cell is a _______. prokaryote eukaryote This organelle contains the molecules for photosynthesis. chloroplast

The many short structures on the top of this cell are _____ cilia Cells that have a nuclear membrane are called ________ eukaryotes

A B C D E A = ________ Cell membrane Rough ER B = ________ nucleus C = ________ Golgi Body D= _________ Mitochondrion E= _________

Tell one way plant cells are different from animal cells? PLANTS ANIMALS Have cell wall Have chloroplasts no centrioles Big vacuole NO cell wall No chloroplasts have centrioles small vacuole

What’s the function? modify/transport proteins rough ER __________ Contain DNA; control center nucleus __________ cytoskeleton _________ support; give shape cell membrane __________ Control what enters/leaves cell chloroplast ________ photosynthesis water, food, molecules, waste vacuole Stores __________ Make ribosomes nucleolus ____________

Tell one way plant cells and animal cells are alike? Both: are eukaryotes have a nuclear membrane have membrane bound organelles have a cell membrane have DNA in multiple chromosomes

True or False Bacteria don’t have a CELL membrane. FALSE; All cells have a cell membrane on the outside Name one of the functions of Smooth ER Make lipids for membranes, regulate calcium levels, Break down toxic substances

Name this structure found in cell Phospholipids or Cell membrane http: //biology. clc. uc. edu/courses/bio 104/cells. htm Name this cell part centriole http: //www. beyondbooks. com/lif 71/4 a. asp

True or False Bacteria don’t have ribosomes. False; Yes, they do Ribosomes aren’t made of membranes True or False Plant cells don’t have centrioles True; at least we can’t see them