Cells Main Topics 1 Organelles 2 Cell Membranes
Cells Main Topics: 1. Organelles 2. Cell Membranes
Cells A C B D E
Review of Living Things 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. What characteristics do all living organisms share? Made of CELLS Utilize ENERGY (food) REPRODUCE (species) Maintain HOMEOSTASIS ORGANIZED RESPOND to environment GROW and DEVELOP Based on a Genetic Code (DNA)
Levels of Organization
Discovery of the Cell § Robert Hooke (1665) - Examined cork - Responsible for naming ‘cells’ Anton van Leeuwenhoek (1676) - First to view microorganisms
The Cell Theory (mid 1880 s) 1. The cell is the basic unit of life. 2. All living things are composed of cells 3. Cells come from other cells [by division]
Two basic types of cells Prokaryotic Bacteria cells Eukaryotic Plant and Animal cells
Anatomy of a Typical Eukaryotic Cell
Eukaryotic Cell
Create a Chart in your notes Organelle - Plant / animal - Function
Cell Membrane: 1. Control what enters & leaves cell 2. Seperate exterior of cell from interior
Cell Membrane Composition: 1. Phospholipid bilayer
Cell Membrane Composition: 2. Proteins 3. Carbohydrate chains -glycoproteins -glycolipids 4. Cholesterol
Endomembrane System Membranous structures involved in transport within the cell. Members: Nuclear envelope, SER, RER, Golgi, Lysosomes, vacuoles
Nuclear Envelope Double membrane that controls the flow of material into and out of the Nucleus -Directs protein synthesis Nucleolus - Produces ribosomes
Smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER) Synthesizes lipids (fats) Processes drugs & harmful substances Stores calcium
Rough ER (RER) Makes more plasma membrane Modifies proteins produced by ribosomes, then sends it to the Golgi
Golgi Apparatus The ‘Finishing factory’ Modifies proteins it receives from the RER, then transports it to its final destination
Lysosomes Digestive compartment
Vacuoles Storage (Water, chemicals, wastes, poisons)
Energy Organelles Chloroplast - Photosynthesis Mitochondria - Cellular Respiration
Cytoskeleton Protein fibers that extend throughout cytoplasm Functions: - Structure - Movement
Cilia & Flagella Composed of microtubules Both are for movement
Cell Worksheets Label your cell worksheet
Protein Synthesis Transcription Messenger RNA copies DNA code and leaves nucleus Translation Transfer RNA picks up amino acids Ribosomes link amino acids together
Ribosomes (cont’d. )
Protein Synthesis worksheet
Cells Form Tissues Made up of different types of cells Epithelial: covers and protects Connective: binds and supports other tissues Muscle: movement Nervous: connects sensory structures to motor structures
Identify the tissue type, location and function of the following types of tissues: Stratified squamous Simple squamous Dense fibrous Cartilage Cardiac Skeletal Using the pink book a) b) c) d) e) f)
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