Cells Eukaryotes Prokaryotes Cells Unit Essential Question What

Cells: Eukaryotes & Prokaryotes Cells Unit

Essential Question • What are the main differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells? How are these cells similar? Turn and Talk: • Why do you think there is more than one type of cell?

Eukaryotes are multicellular Plant Examples Trees Grasses Flowers Animal Examples Cheetah Dolphin, Fish Hydras

Missing Organelles Plants • No centrioles (to divide cell) Animals • No chloroplasts • No cell wall

Unique Organelles Plants Animals • Chloroplasts • Cell Wall • Centrioles

Are plants and animals alive? ? • “to make or use energy…” • Plants use sunlight to make food • Animals eat other organisms

DNA Location for Plants and Animals • Eukaryotes: DNA protected in nucleus.

Energy Source Plants use sunlight Animals eat other organisms

Eukaryotic Reproduction • sexual reproduction • Zygote = a male and a female gamete

Prokaryotes • • Single-celled Bacteria Smaller than eukaryotic cells Ex: E. coli, salmonella, pneumonia

Prokaryotes Missing membrane-bound organelles such as: • Nucleus • Mitochondria • chloroplasts Unique Organelles: NONE!

Are prokaryotes alive? ? • Bacteria use energy from – the sun – chemicals – from other cells.

Prokaryote DNA Location • No nucleus! • DNA floats around in the cell • Circular plasmids

Prokaryote Energy Source – the sun – chemicals – from other cells.

Prokaryotic Reproduction • Asexual – Split in half – Clones

Viruses • • • Cold (~500 different forms) Flu (H 1 N 1 and other strains) HIV Herpes Chicken Pox

Viruses don’t have much… • • no organelles: missing ALL organelles Uses the host’s organelles = parasite No Unique organelles Just DNA wrapped in a protein shell.

Are Viruses alive? ? No!! Yes!! • No organelles or parts found in true cells • Just DNA + protein shell • They use energy (from host) to reproduce (in host cell)

Viruses DNA Location • Just DNA wrapped in a protein coat Energy Source • Energy comes from Host • Reproduction: • Uses host cells organelles to make more viruses. Kills host cell in process