Cells Capillary exchange Cell membrane Membrane physiology Organelles

Cells Capillary exchange Cell membrane Membrane physiology Organelles Protein synthesis Intercellular connections

Capillary exchange Cells- receive nutrients from Interstitial fluidsreceive fluids from the blood and surrounding cells Exchange occurs

Cells have many shapes and sizes. Cells are the basic structural functional unit of the body As atoms are the building blocks for molecules, cells are the building blocks for the body. Cells are the smallest functional units of life. Each cell maintains homeostasis

Cell diversity

Generalized animal cell

Cell membrane AKA Plasma membrane 4 basic functions of the cell membrane 1)Physical barrier (physical isolation) 2)Regulates exchange 3)Sensitivity- receptors and response 4)Structural support- cell connections

Cell Membrane: Selective, Semipermeable, Phosholipid bilayer with proteins, & carbohydrates. 1)The phospholipids and other lipids (45%) create a bilayer that is both hydrophobic & hydrophilic. 2) The proteins (50 %) can be integral or surface, each having specific functions. 3) The carbohydrates have specific functions as well. (5%)

Membrane lipids, proteins, and carbs:

Protein functions

Membrane functions cont…

Primary Active transport:

Secondary active transport

Vesicular transport (active)

Passive Simple diffusion Includes osmosis Protein ion channel mediated diffusion Protein carrier mediated diffusion vs Active Primary active transport Secondary active transport Vesicular transport

Diffusion

Osmosis

Solute concentrations Isotonic Hypertonic

Solute concentrations Isotonic No net movement of water Equilibrium exists

Solute concentrations Hypotonic Water flows into the cell May cause cell to lyse

Solute concentrations Hypertonic Cells lose water Causes crenation Dehydration of cell