Cell Transport Journal Notes How do cells move

Cell Transport Journal Notes

How do cells move things in and out? ¡ Passive Transport- No energy is required from the cell. -- Examples: Diffusion Osmosis Facilitated Diffusion ¡ Passive Transport occurs when there is an imbalance of particles in an area.

Facilitated Diffusion ¡ ¡ Facilitated Diffusion – Particles move from a region of high concentration to a region of lower concentration, but they are TOO BIG to fit between phospholipids. Particles move through the membrane proteins, also known as channel proteins or protein pores.

Facilitated Diffusion ¡ Still Passive Transport because NO ENERGY is required from the cell. Outside of cell Proteins Carbohydrate chains Cell membrane Inside of cell (cytoplasm) Protein channel Lipid bilayer

Active Transport Sometimes cells must move particles from LOW concentration to HIGH concentration. ¡ Think of this like pushing a car UP a hill. ¡ This requires lots of energy! ¡ Moving against a concentration gradient. ¡

Active Transport Molecule to be carried Energy Molecule being carried Protein pumps or “carrier proteins” use ATP – energy produced in the mitochondria – to move molecules across cell membranes. Active Transport must take place for molecules to move against the concentration gradient (from LOW to HIGH).

Endocytosis and Exocytosis ¡ • Sometimes, materials can be brought into or sent out of cells in other ways. Endocytosis is the movement of materials into a cell through cell membrane vesicles. • • cells take in food by extending their membranes outward and surround the food/liquid Exocytosis is the movement of materials out of a cell by membrane vesicles pushing the material out.

Phagocytosis: Cells taking materials IN to eat. When cells take in food by extending their membranes outward and surround the food/liquid. =endocytosis ¡ Waste products are expelled. =exocytosis ¡

Review Clips

Assignment ¡ Draw pictures representing: l l l Simple Diffusion Osmosis Facilitated Diffusion Active Transport using carrier proteins Endocytosis and Exocytosis