Cell Theory Prokaryote vs Eukaryote Some Random Cell

Cell Theory & Prokaryote vs. Eukaryote

Some Random Cell Facts The average human being is composed of around 100 Trillion individual cells!!! cells ¡ It would take as many as 50 cells to cover the area of a dot on the letter “ i” ¡ WOW!!!

What is a Cell? ¡ Cell – Basic unit of living things. Organisms are either: ¡ Unicellular – made of one cell such as bacteria and amoebas. OR ¡ Multicellular – made of many cells such as plants and animals.

Scientists to Remember ¡ Robert Hooke (1665) – Observed “cells” in cork

Scientists to Remember ¡ Anton van Leeuwenhoek (1674) l l Father of Microscopy Saw tiny living things in pond water.

Scientists to Remember Robert Hooke (1665) – Observed “cells” in cork ¡ Anton van Leeuwenhoek (1674) – Saw tiny living things in pond water. ¡ Matthias Schleiden (1838) – Plants are made of cells. ¡ Theodor Schwann (1839) – Animals are made of cells. ¡ Rudolf Virchow (1855) – New cells come from existing cells. ¡

You Try… Provide the correct scientist beside their contribution (try without using your notes) Scientist Contribution Observed “cells” in cork Saw tiny living things in pond water Realized plants are made of cells Realized animals are made of cells Realized new cells come from existing cells Leeuwenhoek Schleiden Hooke Virchow Schwann

Cell Theory ¡ Confirmed discoveries that all scientists believe to be true about cells: l 1. Cells are the basic unit of life. l 2. l 3. All living things are made of cells. New cells are produced from existing cells.

Microscopes Light Microscope – magnifies tiny organisms up to 1, 000 times. -Uses light and lenses -We use these. ¡ ¡ Electron Microscope – magnifies up to a million times. -Uses electrons

The Discovery of Cells before nucleus true nucleus

Prokaryotes 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. NO nucleus NO membrane bound organelles (just ribosomes) ALL are unicellular Smaller than eukaryotic cells Forerunner to eukaryotic cells (smaller and more simple) DNA – single strand circular Ex: ALL Bacteria

You Try… Draw a Prokaryotic Cell Be sure to include key features!

Eukaryotes 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Has a nucleus with a nuclear envelope Bigger and more complex than prokaryotes Have membrane bound Organelles (golgi, ER, lysosomes…etc) DNA – double-stranded and forms chromosomes (highly organized) Can be uni- OR multicellular organisms Ex: animals, plants, fungi

You Try… Draw an Eukaryotic Cell Be sure to include key features!

Similarities 1. Contain all four biomolecules (lipids, carbs, proteins, and nucleic acids) 1. Have ribosomes 2. Have DNA 3. Similar Metabolism 4. Can be unicellular 5. Have cell/plasma membranes or cell wall

Eukaryote VS. Prokaryote Picture