Cell Structure Unit 4 Lesson 1 Cell Structure















- Slides: 15
Cell Structure Unit 4 – Lesson 1
Cell Structure • All parts of the cell are made out of four basic components. – – Proteins Lipids Carbs DNA
Cell Structure • Each cell has a job to do. It needs structures in order to function. • Cells rely on structures called ORGANELLES. Looks like miniorgans!
Cell Structure • Organelles aide the cell with: – Shape and Movement – Manufacturing Molecules – Processing Energy – Processing, Transporting and Storing Molecules
Cell Shape and Movement • Shape is given to the cell by: – Cell Membrane – Cell Wall – Cytoplasm and Cytoskeleton
Cell Membrane • Protective layer around all cells. • It allows food and oxygen into the cell and waste products out of the cell. The pink structure indicates a protein in the cell membrane – proteins allow material in and out of the cell Animal Cell Plant Cell
Cell Wall • Tough rigid outer coverings that protects the cell and give it shape. • Found in plants, algae, fungi, and some bacteria. Why Do Plant Cells Have Cell Walls? Animal Cell Plant Cell
Cytoplasm • The “soup” in which all other organelles reside. A gelatin like mixture. Animal Cell Plant Cell
Cell Shape and Movement • Movement is given to the cell by: – Cilia – Flagella Animal Cell Plant Cell
The Nucleus • The largest organelle inside eukaryotes • Directs all cellular activities and CONTAINS DNA. • DNA carries the recipe for making proteins, lipids, and carbs (the basic components of all life) Animal Cell Plant Cell
Manufacturing Molecules • The cell constantly needs to make molecules for growth and repair. • Organelles that manufacture molecules. – Ribosomes – build proteins – Endoplasmic Reticulum – process proteins Amino acids coming together to make PROTEINS
Processing Energy • All organisms need energy. Organelles that help in energy processing are: – Chloroplasts (plants only) – Mitochondria CHLOROPLAST makes sugar MITOCHONDRIA makes energy from sugar
Processing, Transporting, and Storing Molecules • When the cells makes materials for growth and repair, the materials need to be shipped, stored, or processed. Think of UPS. – Golgi Body – Vesicles – Vacuoles PLANT CELLS HAVE BIG VACUOLES!
endoplasmic reticulum nucleus DNA RNA protein on its way! vesicle TO: vesicle ribosomes TO: protein Making Proteins finished protein Golgi apparatus