Cell Structure Function Joke of the day A

Cell Structure & Function

Joke of the day

• A flagellum has an undulatory movement. • • • Force is generated parallel to the flagellum’s axis. Like cilia but can be very much longer. Also for locomotion of organisms and gametes (sperm).

• Cilia move more like oars with alternating power and recovery strokes. • They generate force perpendicular to the cilia’s axis.

Chromatin • The hereditary material of the cell. • Condenses to form chromosomes during cell division. • Composed of protein and DNA

Chromosomes • Rod-shaped bodies in the nucleus, particularly during cell division. • Contains the hereditary information (genes) • Condensed chromatin

Each eukaryotic species has a characteristic number of chromosomes. A typical human cell has 46 chromosomes, but sex cells (eggs and sperm) have only 23 chromosomes.

Prokaryotic Cells - Primitive (simple) cells

Eukaryotic Cells - Complex cells

Animal Cell Fig. 7. 7

Plant Cell Fig. 7. 8

Nucleus

Nucleolus

Cytoplasm

Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum

Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum Golgi Body or Golgi Apparatus

Vesicles and vacuoles (larger versions) are membrane bound sacs with varied functions. Vacuoles Vesicle

Lysosome

Mitochondria

Cytoskeleton

Fig. 7. 14

Organelles to Include On Your Cookie… • Nucleus • Nucleolus • Mitochondria • Rough ER • Smooth ER • Lysosomes • Vesicles • Cell membrane • Golgi body • Cytoplasm