Cell Structure Function http koning ecsu ctstateu educell

Cell Structure & Function http: //koning. ecsu. ctstateu. edu/cell. html

Definition of Cell A cell is the smallest unit that is capable of performing life functions.

Examples of Cells Amoeba Plant Cell Red Blood Cell Nerve Cell

Organelles • Organelles are the parts of the cell that perform different functions. • There are 11 main organelles (9 for animal cells)

“Typical” Animal Cell http: //web. jjay. cuny. edu/~acarpi/NSC/images/cell. gif

“Typical” Plant Cell http: //waynesword. palomar. edu/images/plant 3. gif

Cell Parts Organelles

Surrounding the Cell

Cell Wall • Gives shape and support to cell • Plants and protists, like algae, have cell walls • Fungi, like yeasts and mushrooms, also have cell walls • Bacteria and Archae also have cell walls, but they are different from plant and fungi • Animal cells DO NOT have cell walls

Cell Membrane • “Gatekeeper” of the cell that controls what can come in or out of the cell • Semi-permeable

Inside the Cell

Nucleus • Controls the cell’s activities • It’s like the “boss” or the “brains” of the cell • DNA is found inside the nucleus

Nuclear Membrane • The “gatekeeper” of the nucleus • Protects the outside of the nucleus • Controls what can go in or out of the nucleus

Chromosomes • Long pieces of DNA inside the nucleus • Come in pairs-one from your mom and one from your dad • Humans have 23 pairs of chromosomes, 46 total chromosomes

Cytoplasm • Soupy, Jell-O like substance that holds all organelles inside the cell in place

Ribosomes • Each cell contains thousands • Make proteins for the cell

Mitochondria • Makes energy (ATP) by breaking down fats and carbohydrates • Controls level of water and other materials in cell • If your mitochondria wasn’t working properly, you wouldn’t be making enough energy and may feel very tired!!

Lysosomes • Digest proteins, fats, and carbohydrates • Clean up cell’s waste by sending them to the cell membrane for disposal

Vacuoles • Storage centers for both plant and animal cells • Much larger in plant cells because of the storage of water • Gives plant cells shape (along with cell wall)

Chloroplast • ONLY found in plant cells • Contains chlorophyll, which is where plants get their green pigment • Where photosynthesis takes place

Match That Part! • • • Cell Membrane Cell Wall Chloroplasts Mitochondria Ribosomes Lysosomes Vacuole Chromosomes Nucleus Nuclear Membrane Cytoplasm • Controls what goes in/out of nucleus • Controls cell activities • Creates proteins for cell • Contains/long pieces of DNA • Gives the cell shape and support • Controls what goes in/out of cell • Contains chlorophyll for photosynthesis • Storage of food and water • Gobbles up the waste • Jell-O like substance that holds parts in place • Produces energy for the cell

How to Write an Analogy • An analogy is a comparison between two seemingly unlike things, using the words like or as and giving an explanation. • For example: -The nucleus is to a cell as Mrs. Opferman is to Webb Bridge Middle School • Now you practice will cell parts! – The nucleus is to a cell as _______is to a ________.

Animal Both Plant