Cell Specialization Specialized Cells All cells have However

Cell Specialization

Specialized Cells All cells have… However there a great variety of shapes. This is because each type of cell has a particular job to do and its structure is formed to suit its function.

RED BLOOD CELLS Function: Carry oxygen from lungs to cells of the body. Adaptation: contain a red substance called hemoglobin, which picks up oxygen. Mature red blood cells have no nucleus

White Blood Cells White blood cells defend the body against germs. One type of WBC can engulf germs these are called Phagocytes

Muscle Cells- Smooth Muscle Smooth muscle cells can contract (shorten), this contraction cause things to move. Found in internal organs like stomach , food canals

Muscle Cell- Skeletal Muscle Skeletal muscle cells are in voluntary muscles Can shorten to move bones.

Muscle Cell- Cardiac The contraction and relaxation of cardiac muscles cells cause the heart to pump blood throughout the body

Nerve Cell Carry messages called impulses from one part of the body to another. Adaptations: dendrites, axon, cell body

Bone Cells Bone cells make bone to support the body Make bone marrow which makes red and white blood cells

Epithelial Cells Cover and protect surfaces inside and outside the body. Ex, cheek cells inside the mouth, skin cells Adaptation: Thin for absorption

Gametes- Sex Cells- Sperm Cell Sperm cell- males have a tail for swimming, a head containing the nucleus

Gametes- Sex Cells- Egg Cell Females store food in the cytoplasm for developing embryo, larger than other cells,

Stem Cells that can differentiate into many different cell types. The daughter cells have the same DNA, but different genes may be turned on or off.

Types of Stem Cells 1. Embryonic Stem Cells Differentiates into any cell type. 2. Adult Stem Cells Exists in some tissues but can only form specific types of cells. E. g. , bone marrow stem cells form white blood cells, red blood cells and platelets.