Cell Organelles Structure vsFunction Cell Membrane Function to

Cell Organelles: Structure –vs-Function

Cell Membrane • Function: to allow certain things to enter and exit the cell • Structure: made of phospholipid bilayer • Fluid – always moving • Found in both plant and animal cells

Mitochondria • Function: energy powerhouse of the cell • Structure: 2 membranes (external is smooth and internal is highly folded) • Found in both plant and animal cells

Nucleus • Function: contains DNA; controls cell activities • Structure: surrounded by nuclear envelope (with pores) • Found in both plant and animal cells

Endoplasmic reticulum • Function: move proteins throughout cell • Structure: folded membrane (series of sacs) • Can be rough (with attached ribosomes) or smooth (without ribosomes) • Found in both plant and animal cells.

Golgi apparatus • Function: packages and distributes proteins throughout cell • Structure: series of flattened sacs (membranes) • Found in both plant and animal cells

Ribosomes • Function: synthesizes proteins • Structure: made of RNA molecules (later in year) • Found in both plant and animal cells

Vacuole • Function: stores stuff • Structure: membrane bound sac • Found in both plant and animal cells

Lysosomes • Function: recycles old cell parts, destroys unwanted things in cell • Structure: membrane bound sac containing digestive enzymes • Found in both plant and animal cells

Chloroplasts • Function: converts suns energy into useable energy • Structure: stacked disks found with double membrane • Found only in plant cells (and some bacteria)

Cell Wall • Function: provides support and structure • Structure: rigid, cellulose • Found only in plant cells

Central vacuole • Function: fills up with water and gives plants rigidity (shape) • Structure: filled with fluid (water) and small molecules • Found only in plant cells

Cytoplasm • Function: supports cellular structures • Structure: thick, jelly-like fluid • Found in both plant and animal cells

Plant –vs- Animal Cells • PLANT CELLS – – – Nucleus Mitochondria Cytoplasm Endoplasmic reticulum Golgi apparatus Lysosomes Vacoules Ribosomes Cell membrane Cell wall Central vacuole chloroplasts • ANIMAL CELLS – – – – – Nucleus Mitochondria Cytoplasm Endoplasmic reticulum Golgi apparatus Lysosomes Vacoules Ribosomes Cell membrane