CELL ORGANELLES OBJECTIVES Colorado State Standard SC 09

CELL ORGANELLES

OBJECTIVES Colorado State Standard: SC 09 -GR. 7 -S. 2 -GLE. 3 Cells are the smallest unit of life that can function independently and perform all the necessary functions of life. ▪ Identify the organelles and their function in animal and plant cells. ▪ Compare the basic structures and functions of plant cells, animal cells, and single-celled organisms. ▪ Employ tools to gather, view, analyze, and report results for the scientific investigations of cells. ▪ Learn the parts of the microscope. ▪ Use a microscope affectively.

VOCABULARY Cell - a structure that contains all the material needed for life Cell membrane - a thin barrier at the outer edge of a cell that controls how substances pass into and out of the cell; protects the cell; traffic control Cytoplasm - jellylike, colorless material outside the cell nucleus in which the organelles are located Endoplasmic Reticulum - Moves materials within cells Golgi Apparatus - an organelle that modifies and packages proteins and other molecules so they can be stored in a cell or sent outside the cell; processes, packages and secretes proteins Lysosome - an organelle that contains digestive enzymes that breaks molecules down; Cleans up cell Mitochondrion (plural mitochondria) - an organelle that is the energy center or “powerhouse”; Turns food into useable energy; responsible for energy release Nucleus - “The Brain”; controls the cells activities; contains the chemical DNA Organelle - membrane bound structure within a cell that is responsible for specific jobs within that cell Ribosome - organelle that makes protein Vacuole - a saclike organelle that stores materials for a cell (waste, water, food)

HABITS OF THE MIND • Responding with Wonderment and Awe • Remaining Open to Continuous Learning

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KEY QUESTIONS Compare the basic structures and functions of plant cells, animal cells, and single-celled organisms. What organelle is the energy powerhouse in an animal/plant cell?

EUKARYOTIC CELL (Animal) Video/Quiz: Cell Structures (Brain Pop)

COMPONENTS OF AN ANIMAL CELL (NON-ORGANELLE) � Cell Membrane – a protective layer that separates the cell from the outside environment; controls materials going in and out of the cell � Cytoplasm – fluid inside the cell

COMPONENTS OF AN ANIMAL CELL (NON-ORGANELLE) � Cytoskeleton – maintains cell’s shape; anchors organelles in place

ORGANELLES OF AN ANIMAL CELL Organelles – “little organs; ” structures that carry out various life processes; perform specific functions within the cell. �Nucleus – the command center; the nucleus is where DNA is stored; the brain of the cell

ORGANELLES OF AN ANIMAL CELL �Mighty Mitochondria - the "powerhouse" of the cell; generates energy

ORGANELLES OF AN ANIMAL CELL �Lysosomes – uses enzymes to breakdown nutrients Lysosome Animation (Mc. Graw Hill)

ORGANELLES OF AN ANIMAL CELL �Vacuole – storage (usually food or water) �Animal – comparatively smaller in size, but many in number �Plant – one large central vacuole �Note: Increase in size of vacuole = Increase in size of cell

ORGANELLES OF AN ANIMAL CELL �Endoplasmic Reticulum – transportation of proteins �Ribosomes – makes protein

ORGANELLES OF AN ANIMAL CELL �Golgi Apparatus (bodies) - modifying and packaging of proteins

PLANT CELL Image acquired from http: //rmascience. weebly. com/cells. html

ORGANELLES - PLANT �Chloroplasts ▪ Organelles that convert sunlight to energy (photosynthesis) ▪ Chloroplasts contain the substance chlorophyll, which absorbs sunlight. ▪ Question: What organelle is the energy powerhouse in an animal cell?

ORGANELLES - PLANT �The Cell Wall ▪ Rigid cell wall surrounding the cell membrane. ▪ The tough wall gives added stability and protection to the plant cell.

ORGANELLES - PLANT �Vacuoles ▪ ▪ Large, liquid-filled organelles Can occupy up to 90% of a cell's volume and have a single membrane. Main function - a space-filler in the cell Secondary function - digestive functions similar to lysosomes (which are also present in plant cells)

VISUAL COMPARISON ANIMAL AND PLANT CELLS

FUNCTION/JOB OF ORGANELLES Cell Rap Organelle - Functions Cell Prezi - Interactive Biology for Kids - Inside the Cell

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Student Exploration Websites • • • • Amazing Cells (University of Utah) Video/Quiz: Cell Structures (Brain Pop) Interactive Cells Website (Cells Alive!) Cells and Cell Processes (Boise State) Video/Quiz: Cell Specialization (Brain. Pop) Identifying Eukaryotic Animal Cell Organelles (Wisc-Online) Interactive/Quiz: Eukaryotic Cells Assembling the Cell (Wisc-Online) Video/Quiz: Eukaryotic Organelles (Biology for a Changing World) Quiz: Cell Organelles and Their Function (QUIA) Comparison of Plant and Animal Cells Quiz: Parts of the Microscope Virtual Scanning Electron Microscopy Fun Interactive Cell Size and Scale (University of Utah) Reading/Quiz: The Discovery and Structure of Cells (Vision Learning) Quiz: Cell Overview (Biology for Kids) Quiz: Cell Organelles (Biology for Kids)