Cell Organelles J Beauchemin 2006 The bottom of

Cell Organelles © J Beauchemin 2006

The bottom of Page 27 Create a KWL chart for cells. Fill out the K and the W

You will need to know the following organelles and their function: Cell Membrane Cytoplasm (not an organelle) Nucleus Endoplasmic Reticulum Golgi Complex Mitochondria Lysosome

Cell Organelles Organelle= “little organ” An organelle is a membrane-bound structure that carries out specific activities for the cell. Found only inside eukaryotic cells

Cell Wall Found in plant and bacterial cells Rigid, protective barrier. Protects and maintains the shape of the cell. Located outside of the cell membrane

Cell Membrane Boundary of the cell. Controls the passages of materials in and out of the cell. Made of a phospholipid bilayer Like doors of school

Nucleus Control center of the cell Contains DNA Surrounded by a double membrane Usually the easiest • Like the principals office organelle to see under that runs school and stores a microscope student files Usually one per cell

Cytoplasm Not an organelle but important All organelles reside (live and float around in) the cytoplasm • Like air inside school

Cytoskeleton Acts as skeleton and muscle Provides shape and structure Helps move organelles around the cell Made of three types of filaments

Centriole Aids in cell division Usually found only in animal cells Made of microtubules Where else have we talked about microtubules?

Golgi Apparatus Looks like a stack of plates Stores, modifies and packages proteins Molecules transported to and from the Golgi by means of vesicles Like lunch room staff that handles and delivers food

Endoplasmic Reticulum A. k. a. “ER” Highway of the cell Transports materials throughout the cell Rough ER: studded with ribosomes; it makes proteins Smooth ER: no ribosomes; it makes lipids

Ribosome Site of protein synthesis Found attached to rough ER or floating free in cytosol Produced in a part of the nucleus called the nucleolus

Mitochondria “Powerhouse of the cell” Generates energy (ATP) for a cell Cellular respiration occurs here to release energy for the cell to use. Like the students and teachers eating to give them energy

Vacuoles Large central vacuole usually in plant cells Many smaller vacuoles in animal cells Storage container for water, food, enzymes, wastes, pigments, etc. Like the storage closets in school What type of microscope may have been used to take this picture?

Lysosomes Garbage disposal of the cell Contain digestive enzymes that break down wastes Which organelles do lysosomes work with? Like the janitors of the school that clean up the garbage

Chloroplast Found only in plant cells Contains the green pigment chlorophyll Site of food (glucose) production Photosynthesis takes place here. Uses light energy to make ATP

Quick Review Which organelle is the control center of the cell? Nucleus Which organelle holds the cell together? Cell membrane Which organelles are not found in animal cells? Cell wall, central vacuole, chloroplasts Which organelle helps plant cells make food? Chloroplasts What does E. R. stand for? Endoplasmic reticulum

Animal Vs. Plant Cells What differences do you notice?